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Análisis de eficiencia de los portafolios pensionales obligatorios en Colombia

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Author Info

  • Diego Jara

    ()

  • Carolina Gómez

    ()

  • Andrés Pardo

    ()

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    Abstract

    El ahorro pensional colombiano depende en gran medida de las decisiones de inversión tomadas por las administradoras de los fondos de pensiones (AFP) obligatorias. Para un futuro pensionado es de natural interés analizar la eficiencia financiera de estos portafolios. En el presente trabajo se realiza este análisis usando el marco clásico de frontera eficiente en el espacio media-varianza; para esto, se selecciona un conjunto de activos en los que las AFP pueden invertir y se exhibe una metodología para determinar la distribución conjunta de sus retornos. Los resultados muestran lo siguiente: primero, los fondos de pensiones están por debajo de la frontera eficiente que considera las restricciones regulatorias; segundo, todos los portafolios eficientes tienen exposición a activos externos de 20%, máximo permitido por la Superintendencia Financiera; tercero, la única restricción de inversión que reduce notablemente la eficiencia potencial es la de activos externos. Estas conclusiones son robustas a cambios razonables en los parámetros usados, en los supuestos del modelo, y en el período de muestra. Esto no implica que las AFP se comporten irracionalmente; es posible que éstas maximicen una función objetivo distinta, que considere otros elementos de mercado, regulación y estructura corporativa. Por ejemplo, es posible que la estructura de comisiones y la rentabilidad mínima afecten el comportamiento de inversión de las AFP, estudio que se deja para trabajos posteriores.

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    File URL: http://www.banrep.gov.co/docum/ensayos/pdf/espe_049-5.pdf
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    Bibliographic Info

    Article provided by BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA - ESPE in its journal ENSAYOS SOBRE POLÍTICA ECONÓMICA.

    Volume (Year): (2005)
    Issue (Month): ()
    Pages:

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    Handle: RePEc:col:000107:007513

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    1. repec:fth:calaec:16-92 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Francis A. Longstaff, 2002. "The Flight-to-Liquidity Premium in U.S. Treasury Bond Prices," NBER Working Papers 9312, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Solange M. Berstein & Rómulo A. Chumacero, 2006. "Quantifying the costs of investment limits for Chilean pension funds," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 27(1), pages 99-123, March.
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    Cited by:
    1. Heinz Rudolph & Hela Cheikhrouhou & Roberto Rocha & Craig Thorburn, 2007. "Financial Sector Dimensions of the Colombian Pension System," World Bank Publications, The World Bank, number 6785, 5.

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