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Housing First in Denmark: An Analysis of the Coverage Rate among Homeless People and Types of Shelter Users

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  • Lars Benjaminsen

    (The Danish Center for Social Science Research, Denmark)

Abstract

A paradigm shift has taken place regarding the understanding of homelessness interventions in recent years as Housing First—early access to permanent housing in combination with intensive social support—has been shown to improve the chances of rehousing for homeless people. One of the largest Housing First programs in Europe was established with the Danish homelessness strategy from 2009 to 2013 and a follow-up program from 2014 to 2016. Results from the Danish program showed similar positive outcomes of Housing First as documented in other countries. However, evaluation research also uncovered barriers to scaling up and mainstreaming Housing First into the general welfare system. This article analyses the coverage rate of Housing First in the overall population of homeless people in Denmark. Results show that in the municipalities that were part of the program only one in twenty homeless people were enrolled in the program. Moreover, following Kuhn and Culhane’s (1998) typology of shelter users, the study examines the proportion amongst the transitional, episodic, and chronic shelter users that were enrolled in the Housing First program during the program period. Even in the primary target group for Housing First, the chronic shelter users, only 11% were included in the Housing First program.

Suggested Citation

  • Lars Benjaminsen, 2018. "Housing First in Denmark: An Analysis of the Coverage Rate among Homeless People and Types of Shelter Users," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 6(3), pages 327-336.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:socinc:v:6:y:2018:i:3:p:327-336
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tsemberis, S. & Gulcur, L. & Nakae, M., 2004. "Housing First, Consumer Choice, and Harm Reduction for Homeless Individuals with a Dual Diagnosis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(4), pages 651-656.
    2. Susser, E. & Valencia, E. & Conover, S. & Felix, A. & Tsai, W.-Y. & Wyatt, R.J., 1997. "Preventing recurrent homelessness among mentally ill men: A 'critical time' intervention after discharge from a shelter," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 87(2), pages 256-262.
    3. Lars Benjaminsen, 2016. "Homelessness in a Scandinavian welfare state: The risk of shelter use in the Danish adult population," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(10), pages 2041-2063, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Coline van Everdingen & Peter Bob Peerenboom & Koos van der Velden & Philippe Delespaul, 2023. "Vital Needs of Dutch Homeless Service Users: Responsiveness of Local Services in the Light of Health Equity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, January.

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