IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/clr/wugarc/y2010v36i1p53.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Schafft Bildung sozialen Zusammenhalt?

Author

Listed:
  • Petra Völkerer
  • Petra Sauer

Abstract

Im Artikel wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Art und Weise, wie der Zugang zu Bildung in einer Gesellschaft verteilt ist, den sozialen Zusammenhalt beeinflusst, d. h. ihn stärken oder schwächen kann. Schulsysteme, welche bestehende, ungleiche soziale Strukturen verfestigen, führen zu geringer Verteilungsgerechtigkeit, höherer Armut und somit zu geringem sozialem Zusammenhalt in der Gesellschaft. Hingegen stärken egalitäre Schulsysteme, welche sowohl Ausgangs- als auch Ergebnisgerechtigkeit gewährleisten, den sozialen Zusammenhalt, indem sie die Gleichmäßigkeit der Verteilung fördern und Armut reduzieren. Als Maß für die Gerechtigkeit eines Schulsystems dient die Verteilung von Bildung innerhalb der Gesellschaft. Ein elitäres Schulsystem ist durch viele Pflichtschul- und wenige Tertiärabschlüsse gekennzeichnet, was bedeutet, dass der Zugang zu hoher Bildung einigen wenigen Gesellschaftsmitgliedern vorbehalten ist. Hingegen deutet eine eher gleichmäßige Verteilung auf die unterschiedlichen Bildungsniveaus auf ein gerechteres, egalitäres Schulsystem, da dies darauf hinweist, dass jeder und jede über die gleichen Möglichkeiten im Zuge seiner/ihrer Schullaufbahn verfügt bzw. bestehende Ausgangsunterschiede (d. h. Ergebnisgerechtigkeit) sogar ausgeglichen werden. Die empirische Analyse der Fragestellung erfolgt in zwei Teilen. Zuerst wird jeweils die Verteilung der Bildung innerhalb der Bevölkerung von 22 europäischen Volkswirtschaften betrachtet. Aufgrund der Anteile an Personen mit Pflichtschul-, Sekundar- oder Tertiärabschlüssen erfolgt eine Klassifikation der Bildungsstrukturen in egalitäre und elitäre Systeme. Zudem zerlegen wir die Personenkreise in den einzelnen Bildungsniveaus nach Alter, nach Geschlecht, nach der Bildung der Eltern und nach dem Haushaltstyp. Im zweiten Teil werden die erlangten Ergebnisse der Klassifikation in Beziehung mit den Indikatoren des sozialen Zusammenhalts (z. B. Armutsgefährdungsrisiko, Einkommensverteilung, Grad der Umverteilung, Arbeitslosenquoten, politische Partizipation, soziale Dienstleistungen wie etwa Kinderbetreuungsquoten etc.) gesetzt, um zu untersuchen, in welcher Art und Weise einander Bildung und das zentrale Element einer Demokratie bedingen.

Suggested Citation

  • Petra Völkerer & Petra Sauer, 2010. "Schafft Bildung sozialen Zusammenhalt?," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 36(1), pages 53-78.
    • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2010v:36i:1p:53
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://emedien.arbeiterkammer.at/viewer/pdf/AC08890876_2010_001/wug_2010_36_1_0053.pdf
    File Function: PDF-file of article
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stephen Machin, 2006. "Social Disadvantage and Education Experiences," OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 32, OECD Publishing.
    2. Edward Glaeser & Giacomo Ponzetto & Andrei Shleifer, 2007. "Why does democracy need education?," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 12(2), pages 77-99, June.
    3. Colm Harmon; & Ian Walker, 1995. "Estimates of Economic Return to Schooling in the UK," Economics Department Working Paper Series n540195, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland - Maynooth.
    4. Jens Bonke & Nabanita Datta Gupta & Nina Smith, 2004. "The Timing and Flexibility of Housework and Men and Women's Wages," Contributions to Economic Analysis, in: The Economics of Time Use, pages 43-77, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    5. Harmon, Colm & Walker, Ian, 1995. "Estimates of the Economic Return to Schooling for the United Kingdom," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(5), pages 1278-1286, December.
    6. Card, David, 1999. "The causal effect of education on earnings," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 30, pages 1801-1863, Elsevier.
    7. Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Martin Falk, 2009. "Die Bedeutung von Bildung im Spannungsfeld zwischen Staat, Markt und Gesellschaft," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 35140, Juni.
    8. Gabriela Schütz & Heinrich W. Ursprung & Ludger Wößmann, 2008. "Education Policy and Equality of Opportunity," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(2), pages 279-308, May.
    9. Robert J. Barro, 1999. "Determinants of Democracy," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 107(S6), pages 158-183, December.
    10. Lipset, Seymour Martin, 1959. "Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy1," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 53(1), pages 69-105, March.
    11. Miller, Paul W & Mulvey, Charles & Martin, Nick, 1995. "What Do Twins Studies Reveal about the Economic Returns to Education? A Comparison of Australian and U.S. Findings," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(3), pages 586-599, June.
    12. Orley Ashenfelter & Cecilia Rouse, 1998. "Income, Schooling, and Ability: Evidence from a New Sample of Identical Twins," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 113(1), pages 253-284.
    13. Joshua D. Angrist & Alan B. Keueger, 1991. "Does Compulsory School Attendance Affect Schooling and Earnings?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 106(4), pages 979-1014.
    14. Leon Feinstein, 2004. "Mobility in Pupils' Cognitive Attainment During School Life," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 20(2), pages 213-229, Summer.
    15. Harmon, Harmon & Ian Walker, 1995. "Estimates of the economic return to schooling for the UK," IFS Working Papers W95/12, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dorothe Bonjour & Lynn F. Cherkas & Jonathan E. Haskel & Denise D. Hawkes & Tim D. Spector, 2003. "Returns to Education: Evidence from U.K. Twins," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 93(5), pages 1799-1812, December.
    2. Adrien Montalbo, 2019. "Education and economic development. The influence of primary schooling on municipalities in nineteenth-century France," Working Papers halshs-02286126, HAL.
    3. Adrien Montalbo, 2019. "Education and economic development. The influence of primary schooling on municipalities in nineteenth-century France," PSE Working Papers halshs-02286126, HAL.
    4. Justin L. Tobias, 2003. "Are Returns to Schooling Concentrated Among the Most Able? A Semiparametric Analysis of the Ability–earnings Relationships," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 65(1), pages 1-29, February.
    5. John Giles & Albert Park & Meiyan Wang, 2019. "The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, Disruptions to Education, and the Returns to Schooling in Urban China," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 68(1), pages 131-164.
    6. Sarah Brown & John G. Sessions, 2003. "Earnings, Education, and Fixed‐Term Contracts," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 50(4), pages 492-506, September.
    7. Colm Harmon & Hessel Oosterbeek, 2000. "The Returns to Education: A Review of Evidence, Issues and Deficiencies in the Literature," CEE Discussion Papers 0005, Centre for the Economics of Education, LSE.
    8. Colm Harmon & Hessel Oosterbeek & Ian Walker, 2003. "The Returns to Education: Microeconomics," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 17(2), pages 115-156, April.
    9. repec:ucn:wpaper:10197/1099 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Ge, Suqin, 2013. "Estimating the returns to schooling: Implications from a dynamic discrete choice model," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 92-105.
    11. Díaz Serrano, Lluís & Pérez Reynosa, Jessica Helen, 2018. "Impact of Duration of Primary Education on Enrollment in Secondary Education: Panel Data Evidence from Developing Countries," Working Papers 2072/351582, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics.
    12. Daeheon Choi & Chune Young Chung & Ha Truong, 2019. "Return on Education in Two Major Vietnamese Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-30, September.
    13. Alan B. Krueger, 2002. "Inequality, Too Much of a Good Thing," Working Papers 845, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
    14. Nikolov, Plamen & Jimi, Nusrat & Chang, Jerray, 2020. "The Importance of Cognitive Domains and the Returns to Schooling in South Africa: Evidence from Two Labor Surveys," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    15. Daniel A. Kamhöfer & Hendrik Schmitz, 2013. "Analyzing Zero Returns to Education in Germany – Heterogeneous Eff ects and Skill Formation," Ruhr Economic Papers 0446, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    16. Giorgio Brunello & Margherita Fort & Guglielmo Weber, 2009. "Changes in Compulsory Schooling, Education and the Distribution of Wages in Europe," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(536), pages 516-539, March.
    17. Cabus, Sofie J. & De Witte, Kristof, 2011. "Does school time matter?—On the impact of compulsory education age on school dropout," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 30(6), pages 1384-1398.
    18. Daniel A. Kamhöfer & Hendrik Schmitz, 2013. "Analyzing Zero Returns to Education in Germany: Heterogeneous Effects and Skill Formation," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 598, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    19. Ashenfelter, Orley & Harmon, Colm & Oosterbeek, Hessel, 1999. "A review of estimates of the schooling/earnings relationship, with tests for publication bias," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 453-470, November.
    20. Tony Beatton & Michael P. Kidd & Matteo Sandi, 2020. "School indiscipline and crime," CEP Discussion Papers dp1727, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    21. Clark, Damon, 2023. "School quality and the return to schooling in Britain: New evidence from a large-scale compulsory schooling reform," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2010v:36i:1p:53. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Michael Birkner (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/awakwat.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.