IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/ijurrs/v33y2009i3p841-847.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The State and Marginality: Reflections on Urban Outcasts from China's Urban Transition

Author

Listed:
  • FULONG WU

Abstract

This essay reflects on four structural logics of poverty generation, developed in Urban Outcasts. These are the logics of macro‐social, economic, political and spatial dynamics. Considering the Chinese context, the essay suggests that, rather than being isolated from mainstream production, the Chinese urban poor are engaged in global commodity production. While no obvious ghettos have been so far identified in Chinese cities, there are spatial concentrations of the poor in particular neighbourhoods. This spatial concentration is related to state institutions before and after economic reform. Throughout the process of poverty generation, the role of the state is prominent, as highlighted in Wacquant's research on American and French cities. I argue that the role of the state is complex, not just penal. One significant contribution of Wacquant's book is that it reveals important differences between French banlieues and American ghettoes, thus highlighting the need to examine place‐specific regimes of marginality. As for ‘advanced’ marginality, Wacquant emphasizes its structural causes, which are particularly relevant to China's urban transition. In China, we can also identify the ‘advanced’ stage of suppressing the poor in the process of urban change. Résumé Cet essai s'intéresse à quatre logiques structurelles de génération de la pauvreté, présentées dans Urban Outcasts (Parias urbains): les logiques des dynamiques macro‐sociale, économique, politique et spatiale. S'attachant au contexte chinois, l'essai suggère que, loin d'être isolés de l'activité de production dominante, les pauvres des villes chinoises participent à la production de biens mondiale. Jusqu'à présent, aucun cas manifeste de ghetto urbain n'a été identifié en Chine, même s'il existe des concentrations spatiales de pauvres dans certains quartiers. Cette concentration spatiale est liée aux institutions étatiques, avant et après la réforme économique. Au cours du processus générateur de pauvreté, le rôle de l'État est déterminant, comme l'ont souligné les travaux de Wacquant sur des villes américaines et françaises. À mon avis, le rôle de l'État est complexe, pas seulement pénal. L'un des apports appréciables du livre de Wacquant tient à ce qu'il révèle les différences notables entre les ‘banlieues’ françaises et les ghettos américains, mettant ainsi en avant la nécessité d'examiner les systèmes de marginalité en fonction du lieu. Quant à la marginalité‘avancée’, l'auteur insiste sur ses causes structurelles, lesquelles sont particulièrement pertinentes pour la période de transition urbaine chinoise. En Chine, on peut aussi identifier le stade ‘avancé’ d'élimination des pauvres dans le processus de transformation des villes.

Suggested Citation

  • Fulong Wu, 2009. "The State and Marginality: Reflections on Urban Outcasts from China's Urban Transition," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(3), pages 841-847, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:33:y:2009:i:3:p:841-847
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00921.x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00921.x
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00921.x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fulong Wu, 2004. "Urban poverty and marginalization under market transition: the case of Chinese cities," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(2), pages 401-423, June.
    2. Sako Musterd, 2008. "Banlieues, the Hyperghetto and Advanced Marginality: A Symposium on Loïc Wacquant’s Urban Outcasts," City, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 12(1), pages 107-114, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yang Zhan, 2018. "The urbanisation of rural migrants and the making of urban villages in contemporary China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 55(7), pages 1525-1540, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gwilym Owen & Yu Chen & Timothy Birabi & Gwilym Pryce & Hui Song & Bifeng Wang, 2023. "Residential segregation of migrants: Disentangling the intersectional and multiscale segregation of migrants in Shijiazhuang, China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(1), pages 166-182, January.
    2. Fulong Wu, 2007. "The Poverty of Transition: From Industrial District to Poor Neighbourhood in the City of Nanjing, China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(13), pages 2673-2694, December.
    3. GOH, Chor-ching & LUO, Xubei & ZHU, Nong, 2009. "Income growth, inequality and poverty reduction: A case study of eight provinces in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 485-496, September.
    4. Chris Hamnett, 2011. "Urban Social Polarization," Chapters, in: Ben Derudder & Michael Hoyler & Peter J. Taylor & Frank Witlox (ed.), International Handbook of Globalization and World Cities, chapter 32, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    5. Yiyan Chen & Zhaoyun Tang, 2023. "A Study of Multidimensional and Persistent Poverty among Migrant Workers: Evidence from China’s CFPS 2014–2020," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, May.
    6. Basile Ndjio, 2017. "Sex and the transnational city: Chinese sex workers in the West African city of Douala," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 54(4), pages 999-1015, March.
    7. Shenjing He & Fulong Wu & Chris Webster & Yuting Liu, 2010. "Poverty Concentration and Determinants in China's Urban Low‐income Neighbourhoods and Social Groups," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(2), pages 328-349, June.
    8. Ya Ping Wang & Yanglin Wang & Jiansheng Wu, 2009. "Urbanization and Informal Development in China: Urban Villages in Shenzhen," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(4), pages 957-973, December.
    9. Fei Yan, 2018. "Urban poverty, economic restructuring and poverty reduction policy in urban China: Evidence from Shanghai, 1978–2008," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 36(4), pages 465-481, July.
    10. Appleton, Simon & Song, Lina & Xia, Qingjie, 2010. "Growing out of Poverty: Trends and Patterns of Urban Poverty in China 1988-2002," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 665-678, May.
    11. Fulong Wu, 2009. "Land Development, Inequality and Urban Villages in China," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(4), pages 885-889, December.
    12. Qing Yang & Chaozheng Zhang, 2023. "How Does the Renewal of Urban Villages Affect the Resettled Villagers’ Subjective Well-Being? A Case Study in Wuhan, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-22, August.
    13. Mrkajic, Vladimir & Vukelic, Djordje & Mihajlov, Andjelka, 2015. "Reduction of CO2 emission and non-environmental co-benefits of bicycle infrastructure provision: the case of the University of Novi Sad, Serbia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 232-242.
    14. Luo, Xubei & Zhu, Nong, 2008. "Rising income inequality in China : a race to the top," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4700, The World Bank.
    15. Jennifer Robinson, 2016. "Comparative Urbanism: New Geographies and Cultures of Theorizing the Urban," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(1), pages 187-199, January.
    16. Ya Ping Wang & Yanglin Wang & Glen Bramley, 2005. "Chinese Housing Reform in State-owned Enterprises and Its Impacts on Different Social Groups," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 42(10), pages 1859-1878, September.
    17. Kam Wing Chan, 2010. "The Global Financial Crisis and Migrant Workers in China: ‘There is No Future as a Labourer; Returning to the Village has No Meaning’," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(3), pages 659-677, September.
    18. Xingang Zhou & Zifeng Chen & Anthony GO Yeh & Yang Yue, 2021. "Workplace segregation of rural migrants in urban China: A case study of Shenzhen using cellphone big data," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 48(1), pages 25-42, January.
    19. Webster, Chris & Wu, Fulong & Zhang, Fangzhu & Sarkar, Chinmoy, 2016. "Informality, property rights, and poverty in China’s “favelas”," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 461-476.
    20. Fulong Wu & Chris Webster & Shenijing He & Yuting Liu, 2010. "Urban Poverty in China," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 13189.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:33:y:2009:i:3:p:841-847. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0309-1317 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.