IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/eurcho/v20y2021i1p11-19.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Agri‐ food Exports from Central‐ and Eastern‐European Member States of the European Union are Catching Up

Author

Listed:
  • Štefan Bojnec
  • Lukáš Čechura
  • Jan Fałkowski
  • Imre Fertő

Abstract

Countries from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) that joined the European Union (EU) since May 2004 have recorded rapid increases in their agri‐food exports. While this increase in participation in international trade has been global, the CEE‐11 countries have mainly targeted the EU market. Poland, Hungary, Czechia and Romania are among those countries that have increased their agri‐food exports the most. We find that many CEE‐11 countries, especially Czechia and the Slovak Republic, Estonia, Hungary and Poland, have achieved their export expansion along the intensive margin, i.e. the expansion of average exports per existing product with existing trade partners. The extensive margin, i.e. an increase in the number of exported products with existing and new trade partners, along with a degree of product diversification in established markets was important for Lithuania, Romania and Estonia. We also note that in order to further benefit from an increased participation in trade, CEE countries need to switch from predominantly exporting traditional products towards penetrating more innovative product segments, along with new varieties of established products; and thus base their export expansion to a larger extent on the extensive margin. Les pays d'Europe centrale et orientale (PECO) qui ont rejoint l'Union européenne (UE) depuis mai 2004 ont enregistré une augmentation rapide de leurs exportations agroalimentaires. Bien que cette participation accrue au commerce international ait été mondiale, les 11 PECO ont principalement ciblé le marché de l'UE. La Pologne, la Hongrie, la République tchèque et la Roumanie sont parmi les pays qui ont le plus augmenté leurs exportations agroalimentaires. Nous constatons que dans nombre des 11 PECO, en particulier les Républiques tchèque et slovaque, l'Estonie, la Hongrie et la Pologne, les exportations ont augmenté le long de la marge intensive, c'est‐à‐dire par une hausse des exportations moyennes pour chaque produit déjà échangé avec des partenaires commerciaux existants. La marge extensive, c'est‐à‐dire une augmentation du nombre de produits exportés avec des partenaires commerciaux existants et nouveaux, ainsi qu'une certaine diversification des produits sur les marchés établis, ont été importantes pour la Lituanie, la Roumanie et l'Estonie. Nous notons également que pour bénéficier davantage d'une participation accrue au commerce, les PECO doivent passer d’exportateurs prédominants de produits traditionnels à nouveaux participants à des segments de produits plus innovants, ainsi que de nouvelles variétés de produits établis. Ainsi, ils fonderaient davantage l’expansion de leurs exportations sur la marge extensive. Die Länder Mittel‐ und Osteuropas (MOEL), die der Europäischen Union (EU) seit Mai 2004 beigetreten sind, haben einen rasanten Anstieg ihrer Agrar‐ und Lebensmittelexporte verzeichnet. Während die Teilnahme am internationalen Handel weltweit zugenommen hat, haben sich die MOEL‐11 hauptsächlich auf den EU‐Markt konzentriert. Polen, Ungarn, die Tschechische Republik und Rumänien gehören zu den Ländern, die ihre Agrar‐ und Lebensmittelexporte am stärksten steigern konnten. Wir stellen fest, dass viele MOEL‐11, insbesondere die Tschechische und die Slowakische Republik, Estland, Ungarn und Polen, ihr Exportwachstum durch die Ausweitung der durchschnittlichen Exporte pro bestehendem Produkt mit bestehenden Handelspartnern erreicht haben („intensive Marge“). Für Litauen, Rumänien und Estland war hingegen die „extensive Marge“ von Bedeutung: Hierbei wurde die Anzahl der exportierten Produkte mit bestehenden und neuen Handelspartnern in Verbindung mit einem gewissen Grad an Produktdiversifizierung in bereits etablierten Märkten ausgeweitet. Wir stellen außerdem fest, dass die MOEL von der Ausfuhr vorrangig traditioneller Produkte auf die Erschließung innovativerer Produktsegmente umschwenken müssen. Nur so können sie weiterhin von einer verstärkten Teilnahme am Handel profitieren. Die MOEL sollten darüber hinaus die Produktvielfalt der bestehenden Produkte erhöhen, um eine Ausweitung ihrer Exporte in größerem Umfang auf die extensive Marge zu stützen.

Suggested Citation

  • Štefan Bojnec & Lukáš Čechura & Jan Fałkowski & Imre Fertő, 2021. "Agri‐ food Exports from Central‐ and Eastern‐European Member States of the European Union are Catching Up," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 20(1), pages 11-19, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:20:y:2021:i:1:p:11-19
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12307
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12307
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/1746-692X.12307?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Feenstra, Robert C, 1994. "New Product Varieties and the Measurement of International Prices," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(1), pages 157-177, March.
    2. Bojnec, Stefan & Ferto, Imre, 2009. "Agro-food trade competitiveness of Central European and Balkan countries," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 417-425, October.
    3. BOJNEC, Stefan & FERTO, Imre, 2009. "Determinants of agro-food trade competition of Central European countries with the European Union," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 327-337, June.
    4. David Hummels & Peter J. Klenow, 2005. "The Variety and Quality of a Nation's Exports," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 95(3), pages 704-723, June.
    5. Štefan Bojnec & Imre Fertő, 2015. "Are new EU member states catching up with older ones on global agri-food markets?," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(2), pages 205-215, June.
    6. Fiankor, Dela-Dem Doe & Curzi, Daniele & Olper, Alessandro, 2019. "Trade and quality upgrading effects of agrifood standards," 2019 Sixth International Conference, September 23-26, 2019, Abuja, Nigeria 295752, African Association of Agricultural Economists (AAAE).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Štefan Bojnec & Imre Fertő, 2012. "Agro-food exports variety from the Central and Eastern European countries," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 58(1), pages 1-9.
    2. Jose Pineda & Pablo Sanguinetti, 2007. "Trade liberalization and Export Variety in Latin America: Is there a North-South, South-South divide?," EcoMod2007 23900068, EcoMod.
    3. Chen, Natalie & Juvenal, Luciana, 2022. "Markups, quality, and trade costs," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    4. Benkovskis, Konstantins & Wörz, Julia, 2018. "What drives the market share changes? Price versus non-price factors," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 9-29.
    5. Corsetti, Giancarlo & Martin, Philippe & Pesenti, Paolo, 2007. "Productivity, terms of trade and the `home market effect'," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 73(1), pages 99-127, September.
    6. Dennis, Allen & Shepherd, Ben, 2007. "Trade costs, barriers to entry, and export diversification in developing countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4368, The World Bank.
    7. Mary Amiti & Caroline Freund, 2010. "The Anatomy of China's Export Growth," NBER Chapters, in: China's Growing Role in World Trade, pages 35-56, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Gao, Yue & Whalley, John & Ren, Yonglei, 2014. "Decomposing China's export growth into extensive margin, export quality and quantity effects," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 19-26.
    9. William R Kerr, 2018. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 32(1), pages 163-182.
    10. Wong, Kin-Ming & Chong, Terence Tai-Leung, 2016. "Does monetary policy matter for trade?," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 107-125.
    11. Dutt, Pushan & Mihov, Ilian & Van Zandt, Timothy, 2013. "The effect of WTO on the extensive and the intensive margins of trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(2), pages 204-219.
    12. Bouët, Antoine & Estrades, Carmen & Laborde, David, 2011. "Households heterogeneity in a global CGE model: an illustration with the MIRAGE poverty module," Conference papers 332034, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    13. Ardelean, Adina & Lugovskyy, Volodymyr, 2010. "Domestic productivity and variety gains from trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(2), pages 280-291, March.
    14. Colantone, Italo & Crinò, Rosario, 2014. "New imported inputs, new domestic products," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(1), pages 147-165.
    15. Vahagn Galstyan & Philip R. Lane, 2008. "External Imbalances and the Extensive Margin of Trade," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 37(3), pages 241-257, November.
    16. Roberto Álvarez & Sebastián Claro, 2007. "On the Sources of China’s Export Growth," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 426, Central Bank of Chile.
    17. Konstantīns Beņkovskis, 2012. "Competitiveness of Latvia's exporters," Baltic Journal of Economics, Baltic International Centre for Economic Policy Studies, vol. 12(2), pages 17-45, December.
    18. Kancs, d'Artis & Persyn, Damiaan, 2019. "Welfare Gains from the Variety Growth," Working Papers 2019-01, Joint Research Centre, European Commission.
    19. Konstantins Benkovskis & Julia Wörz, 2016. "Non-price competitiveness of exports from emerging countries," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 51(2), pages 707-735, September.
    20. Kichun Kang, 2008. "The Sustainability of Korea's Trade Balances with China and Japan: Perspective from the Asymmetry in Income Elasticities," Korean Economic Review, Korean Economic Association, vol. 24, pages 173-197.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:20:y:2021:i:1:p:11-19. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/eaaeeea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.