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Policy directions to support generational renewal in European farming systems

Author

Listed:
  • Isabeau Coopmans
  • Joost Dessein
  • Francesco Accatino
  • Federico Antonioli
  • Camelia Gavrilescu
  • Piotr Gradziuk
  • Gordana Manevska‐Tasevska
  • Miranda Meuwissen
  • Mariya Peneva
  • Bárbara Soriano
  • Julie Urquhart
  • Erwin Wauters

Abstract

Sufficient generational renewal is an important contributor to resilient farming systems but across the EU there is widespread concern over the so‐called ‘young farmer problem’. This article recommends several policy areas to support generational renewal. The first need is to clearly define the exact generational renewal challenge, since available data provide no clear‐cut evidence of an existing young farmer problem that is uniform across the EU. Second, while current policies seem effective in supporting the farm transfer process and providing aid during the early career phase of farmers, they lack targeting of the stage preceding farm take‐over, during which possible entrants develop a successor identity. Increasing the attractiveness of farming as both an occupational and a lifestyle choice appears to be important in stimulating entry into farming. Third, policymakers should give high priority to facilitating access to land and labour, and to accommodating the capital‐intensive nature of farming. Fourth, a mix of policies at different levels and domains that coherently contribute to the achievement of predefined goals regarding generational renewal is needed. Fifth, support for farm‐specific advice and personal coaching holds underexploited potential for addressing the specificity of on‐farm challenges regarding generational renewal. Un renouvellement générationnel à la hauteur des besoins contribue largement à la résilience des systèmes agricoles. Le soi‐disant « problème des jeunes agriculteurs » est pourtant un sujet de préoccupation largement répandu dans l'Union européenne. Cet article présente des recommendations dans plusieurs domaines d'action pour soutenir le renouvellement des générations. Le premier besoin est de définir clairement l'enjeu exact du renouvellement générationnel, car les données disponibles ne fournissent aucune preuve claire qu'il existe un problème en matière de jeunes agriculteurs qui soit uniforme dans toute l'Union. Deuxièmement, bien que les politiques actuelles semblent aider au transfert des exploitations et fournir une aide au début de la carrière des agriculteurs de manière efficace, elles ne ciblent pas l’étape précédant la reprise de l'exploitation, au cours de laquelle les nouveaux arrivants peuvent développer une identité de successeur. Il semble qu'accroître l'attractivité de l'agriculture en tant que choix professionnel et de mode de vie soit important pour stimuler l'entrée dans l'agriculture. Troisièmement, les décideurs devraient accorder une priorité élevée à la facilitation de l'accès à la terre et à la main‐d’œuvre et à la prise en compte de la nature capitalistique de l'agriculture. Quatrièmement, il faut mettre en place une combinaison de politiques à différents niveaux et dans différents domaines qui contribuent de manière cohérente à la réalisation des objectifs prédéfinis concernant le renouvellement des générations. Cinquièmement, l'aide à des conseils spécifiques à l'exploitation et au coaching personnel présente un potentiel sous‐exploité pour répondre à la spécificité des défis concernant le renouvellement des générations au niveau de l'exploitation agricole. Ein ausreichender Generationenwechsel auf landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben kann einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Resilienz der Landwirtschaft insgesamt leisten. In der EU existiert jedoch die weit verbreitete Sorge über den Mangel an Nachwuchskräften. In diesem Artikel werden mehrere politische Maßnahmen zur Unterstützung des Generationenwechsels empfohlen: Erstens: Zunächst ist es notwendig, die genauen Herausforderungen in Bezug auf den Generationenwechseleindeutig zu definieren, da die verfügbaren Daten keinen eindeutigen Beweis für ein in der EU bestehendes einheitliches Nachwuchsproblem liefern. Zweitens: Die derzeitige Politik scheint den Betriebsübergabeprozess zwar wirksam zu unterstützen und in der frühen Karrierephase der Landwirtinnen und Landwirte Hilfe zu leisten. Allerdings fehlt es ihr an einer gezielten Ausrichtung auf die Phase vor der Betriebsübernahme in der sich mögliche Neueinsteigerinnen und Neueinsteiger bereits mit der Nachfolge identifizieren. Damit sich Menschen für den Einstieg in die Landwirtschaft entscheiden, spielt sowohl die Steigerung der Attraktivität des Berufs als auch des Landlebens insgesamt eine wichtige Rolle. Drittens: Politische Entscheidungsträgerinnen und ‐träger sollten zudem den Zugang zu landwirtschaftlichen Flächen und Arbeitskräften fördern sowie den Herausforderungen der kapitalintensiven Natur der Landwirtschaft hohe Priorität einräumen. Viertens ist eine Mischung aus politischen Maßnahmen auf verschiedenen Ebenen und in verschiedenen Bereichen erforderlich, die einheitlich zur Erreichung vordefinierter Ziele hinsichtlich des Generationenwechsels beitragen. Fünftens: Die Unterstützung betriebsspezifischer Beratung sowie von persönlichem Coaching birgt ein ungenutztes Potenzial für die Bewältigung der besonderen Herausforderungen im Hinblick auf das Nachwuchsproblem in der europäischen Landwirtschaft.

Suggested Citation

  • Isabeau Coopmans & Joost Dessein & Francesco Accatino & Federico Antonioli & Camelia Gavrilescu & Piotr Gradziuk & Gordana Manevska‐Tasevska & Miranda Meuwissen & Mariya Peneva & Bárbara Soriano & Jul, 2020. "Policy directions to support generational renewal in European farming systems," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 19(2), pages 30-36, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:19:y:2020:i:2:p:30-36
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12282
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    1. Davis, John & Caskie, Paul & Wallace, Michael, 2013. "Promoting structural adjustment in agriculture: The economics of New Entrant Schemes for farmers," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 90-96.
    2. May, Daniel & Arancibia, Sara & Behrendt, Karl & Adams, John, 2019. "Preventing young farmers from leaving the farm: Investigating the effectiveness of the young farmer payment using a behavioural approach," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 317-327.
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    2. Gerald Schwarz & Francesco Vanni & David Miller & Janne Helin & Jaroslav Pražan & Fabrizio Albanito & Mihaela Fratila & Francesco Galioto & Oriana Gava & Katherine Irvine & Jan Landert & Alba Linares , 2022. "Exploring Sustainability Implications of Transitions to Agroecology: a Transdisciplinary Perspective," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 21(3), pages 37-47, December.

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