IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/acctfi/v61y2021i2p2965-2996.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Director expectations gap and hindsight bias

Author

Listed:
  • Mitchell Bryce
  • Muhammad Jahangir Ali
  • Paul R. Mather

Abstract

We evaluate the opinions of directors and other stakeholders and show that independent directors (IDs) are facing an expectations gap about their role. The results of an experiment also indicate that business journalists and investors provided lower evaluative judgements of decisions made by IDs than did directors and that evaluative judgements of financial decisions made by IDs were affected by outcome information (hindsight bias). It is important that regulators and the media, as a key information intermediary, remain cognisant of the effects of hindsight bias on their judgements about ID performance, especially after events such as corporate collapses.

Suggested Citation

  • Mitchell Bryce & Muhammad Jahangir Ali & Paul R. Mather, 2021. "Director expectations gap and hindsight bias," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(2), pages 2965-2996, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:acctfi:v:61:y:2021:i:2:p:2965-2996
    DOI: 10.1111/acfi.12689
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12689
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/acfi.12689?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Albie Brooks & Judy Oliver & Angelo Veljanovski, 2009. "The Role of the Independent Director: Evidence from a Survey of Independent Directors in Australia," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 19(3), pages 161-177, September.
    2. Gregory S. Miller, 2006. "The Press as a Watchdog for Accounting Fraud," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(5), pages 1001-1033, December.
    3. Fama, Eugene F & Jensen, Michael C, 1983. "Separation of Ownership and Control," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 26(2), pages 301-325, June.
    4. Anderson, John C. & Lowe, D. Jordan & Reckers, Philip M. J., 1993. "Evaluation of auditor decisions: Hindsight bias effects and the expectation gap," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 14(4), pages 711-737, December.
    5. Pugliese, A. & Bezemer, P.J. & Zattoni, A. & Huse, M. & van den Bosch, F.A.J. & Volberda, H.W., 2009. "Boards of Directors’ Contribution to Strategy: A Literature Review and Research Agenda," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2009-013-STR, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    6. L. A. A. Van den Berghe & Abigail Levrau, 2004. "Evaluating Boards of Directors: what constitutes a good corporate board?," Corporate Governance: An International Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(4), pages 461-478, October.
    7. Khwaja, Asim Ijaz & Mian, Atif, 2005. "Unchecked intermediaries: Price manipulation in an emerging stock market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(1), pages 203-241, October.
    8. Arrington, Ce & Bailey, Cd & Hopwood, Ws, 1985. "An Attribution Analysis Of Responsibility Assessment For Audit Performance," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(1), pages 1-20.
    9. Brochet, Francois & Srinivasan, Suraj, 2014. "Accountability of independent directors: Evidence from firms subject to securities litigation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(2), pages 430-449.
    10. Brian J. Bushee & John E. Core & Wayne Guay & Sophia J.W. Hamm, 2010. "The Role of the Business Press as an Information Intermediary," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(1), pages 1-19, March.
    11. Niamh Brennan, 2006. "Boards of Directors and Firm Performance: is there an expectations gap?," Corporate Governance: An International Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(6), pages 577-593, November.
    12. Reggy Hooghiemstra & Jaap Manen, 2004. "Non-executive directors in the Netherlands: another expectations gap?," Accounting and Business Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(1), pages 25-41.
    13. Stiles, Philip & Taylor, Bernard, 2001. "Boards at Work: How Directors View their Roles and Responsibilities," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198288763.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nguyen, Thi Tuyet Mai, 2017. "An examination of independent directors in Vietnam," OSF Preprints ay6dv, Center for Open Science.
    2. Vincenzo Scafarto & Federica Ricci & Elisabetta Magnaghi & Salvatore Ferri, 2021. "Board structure and intellectual capital efficiency: does the family firm status matter?," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 25(3), pages 841-878, September.
    3. Muhammad Hassan & Muhammad Rizwan, 2016. "Corporate Governance Under Multi- Theoretical Perspective," IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), Ilma University, Faculty of Management Science, vol. 12(2), pages 68-86.
    4. Franco Ernesto Rubino & Paolo Tenuta & Domenico Rocco Cambrea, 2017. "Board characteristics effects on performance in family and non-family business: a multi-theoretical approach," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 21(3), pages 623-658, September.
    5. Ormazabal, Gaizka, 2018. "The Role of Stakeholders in Corporate Governance: A View from Accounting Research," CEPR Discussion Papers 12775, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    6. Conan L. Hom & Daniel Samson & Peter B. Cebon & Christina Cregan, 2021. "Inside the black box: an investigation of non-executive director activity through the lens of dynamic capability," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 38(3), pages 857-895, September.
    7. Naeem Tabassum & Satwinder Singh, 2020. "Corporate Governance and Organisational Performance," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-030-48527-6, September.
    8. Jiwei Wang & Kangtao Ye, 2015. "Media Coverage and Firm Valuation: Evidence from China," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 127(3), pages 501-511, March.
    9. Niamh Brennan, 2006. "Boards of Directors and Firm Performance: is there an expectations gap?," Corporate Governance: An International Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(6), pages 577-593, November.
    10. Sander De Groote & Liesbeth Bruynseels & Ann Gaeremynck, 2023. "Are All Directors Treated Equally? Evidence from Director Turnover Following Opportunistic Insider Selling," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 185(1), pages 185-207, June.
    11. Kallifatides, Markus & Petrelius Karlberg, Pernilla, 2012. "What makes for a value-creating corporate board? A literature synthesis and suggestions for research," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Business Administration 2012:1, Stockholm School of Economics, revised 25 Jun 2013.
    12. Hongjin Zhu & Pengji Wang & Chris Bart, 2016. "Board Processes, Board Strategic Involvement, and Organizational Performance in For-profit and Non-profit Organizations," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 136(2), pages 311-328, June.
    13. Niamh Brennan, 2010. "A review of corporate governance research : an Irish perspective," Open Access publications 10197/2962, Research Repository, University College Dublin.
    14. Conan Hom & Danny Samson & Christina Cregan & Peter Cebon, 2022. "Director independence: Going beyond misaligned incentives to resource dependence," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 47(1), pages 53-78, February.
    15. Lili Dai & Jerry T. Parwada & Bohui Zhang, 2015. "The Governance Effect of the Media's News Dissemination Role: Evidence from Insider Trading," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(2), pages 331-366, May.
    16. Irfan Raza & Fouzia Tariq, 2016. "Effect Of Hr Diversity Management Practices On Employee Knowledge Sharing: Examining The Mediating Role Of Trust On Leadership And Moderating Role Of Cooperative Norms," IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), Ilma University, Faculty of Management Science, vol. 12(2), pages 12-11.
    17. Anup Banerjee & Mattias Nordqvist & Karin Hellerstedt, 2020. "The role of the board chair—A literature review and suggestions for future research," Corporate Governance: An International Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(6), pages 372-405, November.
    18. Adi Masli & Matthew G. Sherwood & Rajendra P. Srivastava, 2018. "Attributes and Structure of an Effective Board of Directors: A Theoretical Investigation," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 54(4), pages 485-523, December.
    19. Shan, Yuan George, 2019. "Do corporate governance and disclosure tone drive voluntary disclosure of related-party transactions in China?," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 30-48.
    20. Murali Jagannathan & Srinivasan Krishnamurthy & Joshua Spizman, 2021. "Board committees and director departures," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 56(4), pages 619-644, November.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:acctfi:v:61:y:2021:i:2:p:2965-2996. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/aaanzea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.