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Generics and New Goods in Pharmaceutical Price Indexes

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Author Info
Griliches, Zvi
Cockburn, Iain

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Abstract

When the patent on a drug expires, there are substantial welfare gains to those consumers who, like the Food and Drug Administration, regard branded and generic versions as perfect substitutes. Standard price indexes fail to reflect this, since they treat generics as distinct new goods and 'link them in' with fixed weights. Alternative calculations are presented using detailed data on the wholesale prices of two anti-infective drugs. Significant differences are found: for one of the drugs studied, the standard price index rose by 14 percent over forty-five months following patent expiration, while the authors' preferred alternative index fell by 48 percent. Copyright 1994 by American Economic Association.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by American Economic Association in its journal American Economic Review.

Volume (Year): 84 (1994)
Issue (Month): 5 (December)
Pages: 1213-32
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Handle: RePEc:aea:aecrev:v:84:y:1994:i:5:p:1213-32

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  1. Mark Bils & Peter J. Klenow, 2001. "Quantifying Quality Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(4), pages 1006-1030, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Robert J. Gordon, 2000. "The Boskin Commission Report and its Aftermath," NBER Working Papers 7759, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Steven B. Caudill & Daniel M. Gropper, 1997. "A quality-adjusted price index for mainframe computers," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 29(12), pages 1605-1610, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Ying Kong, 2004. "The price premium of generic to brand-names and pharmaceutical price index," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 36(7), pages 731-737, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. W. Erwin Diewert, 1995. "Price and Volume Measures in the System of National Accounts," NBER Working Papers 5103, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. William S. Comanor & Stuart O. Schweitzer, 2007. "Determinants of drug prices and expenditures," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4-5), pages 357-370. [Downloadable!]
  7. Zvi Griliches & Tor Jakob Klette, 1999. "Empirical patterns of firm growth and R&D investment: a quality ladder model interpretation," IFS Working Papers W99/25, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Michael R. Baye & Robert Maness & Steven N. Wiggins, 1997. "Demand systems and the true subindex of the cost of living for pharmaceuticals," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 29(9), pages 1179-1190, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Arthur Diamond, 2004. "Zvi Griliches's contributions to the economics of technology and growth," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(4), pages 365-397, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Robert B. Barsky & Lutz Kilian, 2001. "Do We Really Know that Oil Caused the Great Stagflation? A Monetary Alternative," NBER Working Papers 8389, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Robert C. Feenstra & Matthew D. Shapiro, 2003. "Introduction to "Scanner Data and Price Indexes"," NBER Chapters, in: Scanner Data and Price Indexes, pages 1-14 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  12. Nordhaus, William D, 1998. "Quality Change in Price Indexes," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 12(1), pages 59-68, Winter. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Glenn Ellison & Sara Fisher Ellison, 2007. "Strategic Entry Deterrence and the Behavior of Pharmaceutical Incumbents Prior to Patent Expiration," NBER Working Papers 13069, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Deaton, Angus, 1998. "Getting Prices Right: What Should Be Done?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 12(1), pages 37-46, Winter. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Ernst R. Berndt & Iain M. Cockburn & Douglas L. Cocks & Arnold Epstein & Zvi Griliches, 1997. "Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs," NBER Working Papers 6182, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  16. Gregory Crawford, 2008. "The discriminatory incentives to bundle in the cable television industry," Quantitative Marketing and Economics, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 41-78, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  17. Shane Greenstein & Ryan C. McDevitt, 2009. "The Broadband Bonus: Accounting for Broadband Internet's Impact on U.S. GDP," NBER Working Papers 14758, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  18. Robert J. Gordon, 2006. "The Boskin Commission Report: A Retrospective One Decade Later," International Productivity Monitor, Centre for the Study of Living Standards, vol. 12, pages 7-22, Spring. [Downloadable!]
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  19. Susan Busch & Ernst Berndt & Richard Frank, 2001. "Creating Price Indexes for Measuring Productivity in Mental Health Care," Forum for Health Economics & Policy, Berkeley Electronic Press, vol. 4(1), pages 1025-1025. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  20. David E. Lebow & Jeremy B. Rudd, 2001. "Measurement error in the consumer price index: where do we stand?," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2001-61, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  21. William S. Comanor & Stuart O. Schweitzer, 2007. "Determinants of drug prices and expenditures," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4-5), pages 357-370. [Downloadable!]
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