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Die Intensität eines Furchtappells als Determinante einer Einstellungsänderung

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  • Ohlwein, Martin

Abstract

Indem sie Konsumenten emotional involvieren bieten Furchtappelle die Chance, aus der Flut kommunikativer Botschaften hervorzustechen. Trotz ihrer hohen Popularität, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit sozial relevanten Themen, existieren widersprüchliche Befunde zur Effektivität von Furchtappellen. Den einzelnen Modellen zur Wirkung eines Furchtappells liegen divergierende Erklärungsansätze zugrunde, und sie gelangen folglich zu unterschiedlichen Empfehlungen, welchen Intensitätsgrad ein Furchtappell besitzen sollte. Vor diesem Hintergrund war es Ziel zu analysieren, inwiefern sich Furchtappelle unterschiedlicher Intensität im Hinblick auf ihre Wirkung unterscheiden. Die Motive einer exemplarisch ausgewählten Kampagne, die divergierende Furchtintensitäten widerspiegeln, unterscheiden sich sowohl im Hinblick auf die Eigenschaften, die ihnen die Probanden zusprechen, als auch in Bezug auf die Emotionen, die sie bei den Individuen auslösen, deutlich. Dem Motiv mit hoher Furchtintensität sprechen die Probanden furchtbezogene Eigenschaften in stärkerem Maße zu als dem Bild mit einer mittleren Furchtintensität, diesem wiederum stärker als der Anzeige, die nur in geringem Maße Furcht induziert. Entsprechendes gilt für mit einem Furchtappell assoziierte Emotionen: je intensiver der Furchtappell, desto eher werden diese Emotionen beim Individuum ausgelöst. Zwar bestätigen die Befunde grundsätzlich einen positiven Zusammenhang zwischen der Intensität eines Furchtappells und der Neigung der Rezipienten, sich in der Folge intensiver mit dem Thema auseinanderzusetzen, parallel hierzu steigt jedoch die latente Gefahr, dass die Empfänger auf den Beeinflussungsversuch mit Reaktanz reagieren.

Suggested Citation

  • Ohlwein, Martin, 2018. "Die Intensität eines Furchtappells als Determinante einer Einstellungsänderung," ISM Research Journal, International School of Management (ISM), Dortmund, vol. 5(1), pages 79-105.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ismrjl:324702
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    References listed on IDEAS

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