Demographic and clinical factors associated with kidney disease in oncohematological patients

Introduction: the life expectancy of patients with oncohematological diseases is increasing, and there is an increasing likelihood that these malignancies coexist with varying degrees of renal involvement. The incidence of oncohematological diseases, as well as the morbidity and mortality they cause, make it a health problem that requires the adoption of specific measures aimed at raising awareness of the problem, identifying it early, developing guidelines for action in accordance with current knowledge, and facilitating their application in healthcare practice. Objective: to describe the factors associated with the progression of kidney disease in oncohematological patients. Methods: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal, and prospective study was conducted in the hematology department of the "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" General Teaching Hospital in Pinar del Río from May 2020 to May 2022, with 53 patients. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to display qualitative and quantitative variables. Results: in the present study, it was observed that among oncohematological patients with kidney disease, male sex, white race, and age between 58 and 67 years predominated. Multiple myeloma was the most frequent oncohematological disease and the one associated with the need for hemodialysis. The use of etoposide was associated with the need for hemodialysis treatment. Conclusions: both the diagnosis of multiple myeloma and the use of etoposide are factors associated with the progressive deterioration of kidney disease.