Violence: manifestations in the health field

Introduction: Violence in the health system is a complex phenomenon that affects both workers and users, generating physical, psychological, and social consequences. This study investigates how these manifestations are perceived and experienced in a public institution in southern Santa Fe, also considering the structural role of the health system in the reproduction of such situations. Methods: A mixed-method (quantitative-qualitative) approach was applied, with an analytical, retrospective, and cross-sectional design. The unit of analysis was the “perception of violence.” Interviews were conducted with 97% of the health institution’s workers in Zavalla, and 64 users randomly selected. The interviews were semi-structured, guided by thematic reflection axes. Results: Workers expressed a high perception of institutional violence: 60% do not feel safe in their workplace, 52% feel their proposals are not considered, and 76% believe the employer does not meet objectives. Furthermore, 70% of conflicts with users are verbal, and 24% physical. From the users’ side, 30% feel unsafe in the institution, and 30% believe their rights are not respected. Although 77% feel their health concerns are addressed, verbal (14%) and physical (3%) mistreatment is also evident. Conclusions: The study reveals a systematic issue of violence in the health sector, perceived and suffered by both parties. Generalized dissatisfaction and precarious working and social conditions are contributing factors to these manifestations. Solutions must go beyond the health field and involve the State in structurally improving living conditions, health services, and labor conditions.