Radial nerve paralysis (high and low), comparison between tendon transfer treatment and nerve reconstruction, literature review

Introduction: The hand is a complex organ whose intricate function allows communication with the environment. It is essential in daily life activities, and its delicate structures are strategically innervated by three main nerves: the ulnar nerve for the hypothenar palm area, the median nerve for the thenar palm area, and the radial nerve for the dorsal aspect. Nerve injuries result in the loss of sensitivity and motor function associated with them. Radial nerve injury leads to the loss of wrist and finger extensor function, thus disrupting the normal grip and release pattern. Surgical techniques aimed at restoring function include tendon transfers or nerve repairs. Objective: To demonstrate the best therapeutic approach for each radial nerve injury. Material and methods: Systematic literature searches were conducted on PubMed for studies published between 2008 and 2024, focusing on radial nerve paralysis treated with tendon transfer or nerve transfer surgery. Results: The results of these studies show heterogeneity regarding technique and functional restoration. Conclusion: Currently, there is no consensus on the optimal technique for reconstruction; however, nerve transfers emerge as a promising option. Nevertheless, further research is needed to identify the limitations of each technique.