Integrated Oral Health Management in Children with ASD: Non-Pharmacological Techniques and Personalised Approaches

The research analysed the dental management of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), highlighting the importance of personalised, evidence-based strategies. This disorder, characterised by alterations in social communication, repetitive behaviour patterns and sensory sensitivities, posed challenges for paediatric dentists, who adapted their clinical practices to meet the specific needs of this population.Studies such as those by Musa Herranz et al. emphasised specialised training for dental professionals to address factors such as bruxism, hypersensitivity and difficulty expressing emotions. Others, such as Arredondo-González et al. highlighted the relevance of a detailed anamnesis and individualised behavioural strategies. Tirado Amador et al. identified an increased risk of caries and periodontal diseases, underlining the need for holistic care. Effective techniques, such as desensitisation, the use of pictograms and visual pedagogy, were identified as improving clinical interaction. Suleiman et al. demonstrated that the combination of these techniques decreased patient anxiety, while Pimienta et al. highlighted the importance of the dentist's emotional skills. Barbosa Orjuela presented successful cases with strategies such as Applied Behaviour Analysis and the Son-Rise model, which promoted family and professional collaboration. In conclusion, dental management in patients with ASD requires an interdisciplinary approach, emotional sensitivity and adaptive tools that promote inclusion and the integral wellbeing of the patient. This approach not only improves oral health, but also contributes to the quality of life of patients and their families.