Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Late diagnosis and its psychosocial and functional consequences

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has traditionally been diagnosed in childhood, but in recent years an increase in adult diagnoses was observed. Lack of knowledge, confusion with other disorders and the absence of obvious symptoms hindered its early detection. Late diagnosis generated negative impacts on the emotional, professional, social and sexual life of those affected. An observational and descriptive study was conducted, based on an online survey applied to adults with late diagnosis of ADHD. The questionnaire included 28 questions distributed in variables such as diagnosis, relationships, academic, emotional and sexual life. The sample consisted of 13 participants from Brazil and Argentina, and the data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. 38.5% were diagnosed after the age of 18 years. Some 76.9% presented academic difficulties and 61.5% had problems in completing their studies. In the work environment, 46.2% reported difficulties related to disorganization and distraction. Likewise, 69.2% reported problems in personal relationships and 61.5% in self-esteem. More than half experienced alterations in their sexual life. 61.5% stated that the treatment improved their quality of life, although some did not agree for economic reasons. Late diagnosis of ADHD had a significant impact on multiple areas of adult life. It was concluded that greater awareness, early diagnosis and access to comprehensive treatment are essential to improve the quality of life of these individuals.