Educational intervention strategy aimed at prenatal genetic risk care

Introduction: Community genetics consultation has spread across the country. Genes and environment can influence the risk of genetic disease. It integrates strategies for prevention and detection of population genetic risk from primary health care. To characterize the behavior of prenatal genetic risk and to design a genetic counseling strategy with community outreach on increased prenatal genetic risk. A descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2020 to December 2022 in the municipality of Consolación de Sur. The universe was constituted by 3887 pregnant women who had been admitted to the community genetic consultation and the sample consisted of 1863 women evaluated with increased risk. The processed information was shown in frequency distribution tables. Percentage analysis of the results and the Delphi method were used for the technical validation of the genetic counseling proposal based on its basic elements and ethical aspects. The pregnant women evaluated with increased genetic risk represented 47.92%, the most important risk being chromosomal alterations in 49.89%, followed by congenital defects in 32.51% and hereditary conditions in 11.57%. Extreme ages constituted a health problem, with adolescent girls 15.41% being the most frequent. We propose strategy to optimize attention to increased prenatal risk. The evaluation of pregnant women allowed the identification of increased risk factors and the design of a genetic counseling strategy with a community approach, helping to improve prenatal care.