Characterization of temporomandibular disorders in climacteric women

Introduction: Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) affect the function of the stomatognathic system, especially in climacteric women, who present a high susceptibility due to hormonal and psychological factors. This study sought to characterize TMD in climacteric women, identifying signs, symptoms and levels of dysfunction. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out between September 2022 and January 2023 in office 6 of the Policlínico Docente Universitario Hermanos Ruiz Aboy, in Cuba. A total of 100 women aged 40 to 59 years were included. The participants were evaluated using the Helkimo test, including clinical and psychosocial variables such as muscle pain, joint noises, limitation of mandibular movements and pain perception. Results: 72% of the women presented some degree of TMD, with a higher prevalence in the 45-49 years age range. Joint and muscle pain, together with joint noises, were the most frequent signs. Fifty-six percent of the participants perceived the pain as moderate, while only 6% considered it severe. Most sought professional help, evidencing the need for attention for these disorders. Conclusions: TMDs were highly prevalent in climacteric women, especially in those between 40 and 49 years of age. Pain and functional limitations stood out as the main symptoms. This study reinforces the importance of preventive and educational strategies to improve the quality of life of affected women