The Impact of Oral Cancer in Argentina: Analysis of Risk Factors and Health Responses in 2024

In the year 2024, oral cancer was highlighted as a significant public health problem in Argentina, reflecting global trends and country-specific challenges. Oral cancer, included within malignant neoplasms, was characterized by an abnormal growth of cells that affected the oral cavity and sometimes spread to other parts of the body through metastasis. The disease mainly affected men over 50 years of age, although an increase in cases linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV) was observed in younger people. The geographical distribution of oral cancer in Argentina revealed significant inequalities. Northern provinces, with lower levels of socioeconomic development and limited access to health services, had higher rates compared to metropolitan regions. Risk factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and poor diets contributed to this disparity. Although prevention and education campaigns were intensified, their reach was insufficient in some rural and peripheral areas. The impact of oral cancer was not only limited to physical health, but also affected patients' quality of life, imposing a considerable emotional and economic burden. The public health system faced difficulties in providing advanced treatments due to lack of resources and unequal access. However, government efforts to strengthen primary care, train professionals and promote HPV vaccination as a key preventive measure were highlighted. Despite the challenges, prevention and early diagnosis were identified as essential strategies to reduce the burden of oral cancer and improve health outcomes in the country