Clinical Simulation in health care training: barriers to efficacy and impact on health care safety

Introduction: Clinical simulation considered as a fundamental tool in the training of health professionals promotes autonomy and preparation for real clinical situations. Therefore, the incorporation of advanced technologies, such as high fidelity simulators and virtual reality, facilitates the transfer of theoretical knowledge to practice, generating an educational experience that is both motivating and effective. Method: Research with a qualitative approach, with a bibliographic review of original scientific articles in Spanish, English and Portuguese. Thirty studies were selected by convenience sampling, extracted from indexed sources such as Scopus, Scielo and Dialnet. The data collected were organized in an Excel matrix and analyzed using the CASPe critical reading rubric. Results: Health training faces several challenges, such as the high economic investment in technology, the need for specialized training for instructors and resistance to change on the part of some professionals. However, this methodology contributes significantly to the development of practical skills, improves decision-making in safe environments and fosters collaborative learning. Conclusion: Clinical simulation is recognized as an essential tool in the training of health professionals, since it provides practical experiences in controlled environments that favor autonomy and preparation for real clinical situations. Worldwide, this methodology has promoted curricular restructuring to improve educational quality and safety, incorporating advanced technologies such as high-fidelity simulators and virtual reality.