Concepts, Aspects, and Methods for Developing Ecoliteracy: A Systematic Literature Review

Introduction: This research aimed to analyze research trends on concepts, aspects, and methods used for developing ecoliteracy in the scope of education for the last thirteen years (2010-2023). Method: This research employed a systematic literature review method. Literature sources were obtained from reputable international journals with a research focus on concepts, aspects, and methods for developing ecoliteracy. Based on the reference sources, research results, and research focus, 16 articles were reviewed. Result: Research findings showed that ecoliteracy is an individual's awareness of understanding, appreciating, and interacting natural environment and surrounding ecosystem wisely. Ecoliteracy abilities are characterized by several aspects, such as cognitive skills regarding basic ecological knowledge (cognitive), the ability to adapt to the surroundings, environmental sustainability maintenance (spirit/connection), environmental emotions (heart/emotional), and responsible behavior and appreciation for natural wealth (hand/activities). Methods that can be used to develop ecoliteracy comprise carrying out practical activities (for example: 3R activities) in environmental conservation, conducting field trips to environment-related places, project-based learning, and technology-integrated learning. Conclusion: This conclusion is that ecoliteration is an individual's awareness in interacting physically and non-physically with the natural environment wisely which is shown by cognitive abilities, enthusiasm/connection, emotions towards the environment, and environmental protection activities that can be carried out through practical activities of environmental conservation, field visits, project-based learning and technology. These findings can have theoretical implications regarding the definition of ecoliteracy, characteristics, indicators, and methods of ecoliteracy implementation. Future researchers can use theories from these findings to research a similar theme.