Circular Economy in the Health Sector: Sustainable Management of Hospital Waste and Its Environmental Impact

Introduction: The circular economy has become a key strategy to optimize hospital waste management, reduce operating costs, and minimize environmental impact. This study analyzes the factors that influence the adoption of circular economy practices in the health sector, identifying its benefits and main barriers. Methods: A descriptive and exploratory study with a mixed approach was carried out, applying documentary review, surveys, and case analysis in hospitals and clinics. Data were collected on the generation and management of hospital waste, evaluating reduction, reuse, and recycling strategies. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: It was identified that 70% of hospital waste corresponds to recyclable or reusable materials, although only 15% of hospitals have implemented circular economy strategies. Health centers with circular programs managed to reduce waste generation by 25% and operating costs by 18%. However, the main barriers include the lack of infrastructure, specific regulations, and resistance from healthcare personnel. Conclusions: The circular economy in the health sector allows for optimizing waste management, reducing costs and minimizing environmental pollution. However, its success depends on public policies, financing and incentives that promote its implementation. It is recommended to strengthen regulation, infrastructure and staff training to facilitate the transition towards a more sustainable hospital model.