Factors that influence academic performance in mathematics: essential elements for effective education

Introduction: The present study, of a descriptive and non-experimental nature, aims to identify the factors that influence academic performance in Mathematics in high school students in Turbo, Colombia. It seeks to analyze the difficulties and errors in mathematical learning, providing a broader vision of the problem and its impact on school performance. Methods: A mixed, qualitative and quantitative methodology was used, with data collection through questionnaires applied to students and teachers. The sample corresponds to the San Vicente del Congo Educational Institution. Data analysis was performed using frequency distribution tables and statistical tools in Excel. Results: The factors that most influence academic performance in Mathematics include study time (100%), the way of study (65%), participation in classes (45%), completion of tasks (99%), selection of materials by the teacher (50%), understanding of the exercises (77%) and motivation for learning (55%). Conclusions: The study shows that dedication to study and constant practice are essential for the development of mathematical skills. In this sense, the appropriate selection of pedagogical resources and student motivation play a key role in improving performance. The teacher's role must integrate teaching strategies that promote active and participatory learning.