Investigating Multi-Drug Resistance in MBL-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria from Clinical Samples: A Phenotypic Approach in Hospitalized Patients

Background: Global public health faces a substantial risk due to antimicrobial resistance, especially in clinical settings where tackling the formidable issue of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is crucial. Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing GNB continue to pose a serious threat to medical infection management in hospitals as well as communities. Methods: Therapeutic options must be guided by the timely identification of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains using critical techniques including antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and a MBL monitoring. This study investigates the frequency and transportation as well as antimicrobial sensitivity of GNB that produce MBL and MDR germs in medical specimens were obtained. Aseptically taken from study-eligible in- and out-patients, 491 materials (blood, urine, and wound) produced GNB, which were recovered using conventional bacteriological methods. Results: To identify the single GNB, determine the AST and discover the GNB that produced MBL. Gram-negative microbes were found to be growing in 130 cases (26.47%), with the most common isolates being Escherichia coli (15.38%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.92%), and Burkholderiacepacia (30.76%). GNB were common in urine samples in other test categories with a frequency of (31.53%). Conclusion: To support wise treatment choices, comprehensive antibiotic and MBL screening for drug-resistant GNB is essential. It is highly advised to examine antibiotic usage rules, promote the sensible use of prescription antibiotics, and improve detection of GNB that produces MBL.