Innovations in Restorative Dentistry: History, Materials and Digital Advances

Introduction The article analyzed the structures of the oral cavity and oropharynx, highlighting their relevance for harboring a salivary biofilm composed of various species of microorganisms. This ecosystem is essential for the balance of oral health. The historical and technological evolution of prosthodontics was also reviewed, highlighting its impact on modern dentistry. Development The characteristics of dental prostheses were described, classifying them into fixed and removable. Dental ceramics, a key material in dentistry, was examined in detail, including its chemical composition and applications. The technological transition to systems such as CAD/CAM and 3D printing, which have optimized the fabrication of dental restorations, increasing precision and reducing working times, was highlighted. In addition, the evolution of dental porcelains was discussed, from feldspathic porcelains to zirconium or lithium disilicate reinforced porcelains, highlighting their esthetic and mechanical properties. Conclusions Dental ceramics, due to their esthetic, biocompatible and mechanical properties, continue to be a fundamental pillar in oral rehabilitation. The implementation of technologies such as CAD/CAM and 3D printing has revolutionized dental practice, offering more efficient and personalized solutions. Proper selection of materials and shades remains crucial for patient satisfaction and clinical success.