Evolution and disinfection of dental impression materials: advances and challenges in dental biosafety

Introduction: Dentistry focused on oral health and used dental impressions as essential tools for designing prostheses and performing dental treatments. These impressions played a crucial role in providing accurate information about oral tissues and dental arches. However, obtaining impressions carried risks of contamination and transmission of infections for both patients and clinical staff. Adequate disinfection proved to be indispensable to ensure safety and quality in the dental environment. Development: Historically, impression materials evolved from the use of beeswax and plaster in the 17th century to the incorporation of elastomers in the 20th century. The latter, such as addition silicones and polyethers, were noted for their precision and dimensional stability. In addition, disinfection techniques varied according to the material, with disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite, glutaraldehyde and quaternary ammonium compounds being used. These practices proved to be effective, but their implementation depended on technical knowledge, available resources and compliance with regulations. Conclusions: Disinfection of dental impressions was essential to prevent cross-infection and maintain treatment quality. Despite advances in materials and methods, challenges persisted in the uniform adoption of protocols. This analysis highlighted the need for continuing education, updating of guidelines, and promotion of standardized practices to improve biosafety and ensure success in dental care