The Evolution of Modernist Architecture through Recycled Multi-Material and Digital Algorithms

Modernist architecture emerged as a response to basic social needs through the social housing movement and represented a significant experiment in urban living, particularly in cities like London. A detailed analysis of modernist architecture from space, social, material, and economic aspects reveal numerous issues, including poor space quality, limited privacy, and inefficient as well as costly use of materials. Therefore, recycled multi-material and digital algorithms were applied to reclaim vacant spaces and enhance space quality in these architectural environments. Using digital algorithms, multi-materials composed of recycled plastics can be 3D printed with variable gradients in thickness, density, transparency, and flexibility. These material gradations are generated by digital analysis of structure, porosity, privacy, and daylight based on space openness, privacy, structural strength, and daylight access requirements, which were introduced to enhance space quality and resolve specific space issues. In the end, Stangate House, Alexandra and Ainsworth Estate were selected as test sites, where multi-material and digital algorithms were implemented in vacant spaces to support the evolution and revitalization of heritage-worthy modernist architecture.