Integration of MBSE and scrum for complex system development: the sMBSAP proposal

Model Based Software Engineering (MBSE) has become a key approach for managing complexity in software system development, enabling structured knowledge representation through formal models. However, its adoption is limited by process rigidity and heavy documentation requirements. In parallel, agile methodologies such as Scrum have gained relevance due to their adaptability, continuous value delivery, and flexibility in handling changing requirements, although they face challenges in formalization and traceability in complex systems. This study proposes an integrated approach called sMBSAP, which combines MBSE and Scrum to balance modeling rigor with iterative development flexibility. The research was conducted through a theoretical and comparative analysis, along with a conceptual application in a healthcare system case study. The results show that the proposed integration improves traceability between requirements and models, optimizes documentation management, and enhances communication among multidisciplinary teams. It also increases adaptability to changes without compromising system consistency. However, challenges related to organizational maturity and modeling expertise are identified. It is concluded that the sMBSAP approach represents a viable alternative for complex system development by combining the strengths of MBSE and Scrum, reducing their individual limitations, and promoting more efficient and adaptable software engineering practices.