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Characterization of Low-Cost Multi-Precursor Ceramic Membranes from Nigerian Agricultural and Biogenic Wastes for Synergistic Removal of Heavy Metals and Azo Dyes from Wastewater

Author

Listed:
  • Chukwunonso N. Onyenanu

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria)

  • Joseph T. Nwabanne

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria)

Abstract

The contamination of water resources by heavy metals and recalcitrant azo dyes from textile and industrial effluents remains a critical environmental and public-health challenge, particularly in developing regions. Conventional ceramic membranes, while effective, are often prohibitively expensive due to high-purity raw materials. This study reports the optimized fabrication of a novel low-cost multi-precursor ceramic membrane using abundant, locally sourced Nigerian wastes and natural materials—sawdust, rice husk, snail shell, kaolin clay, and natural clay. Raw materials were pretreated, homogeneously mixed with binders and additives (boric acid, PVA, PEG, CTAB), uniaxially pressed into flat disks (40 mm diameter, 3 mm thickness), and subjected to controlled two-stage sintering. A top-layer coating of fine clay suspension (

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Handle: RePEc:cxi:ijans0:v:4:y:2026:i:1:id:765
DOI: 10.61424/ijans.v4i1.765
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