Sociology of Funa: stigmatization and reintegration of those accused of harassment

The funa has emerged as a mechanism for social denunciation in the digital age, making cases of harassment and violence visible in contexts where formal justice is ineffective. However, its impact goes beyond the complaint, as it can lead to the stigmatization and social exclusion of the accused. This study analyzes the funa from a sociological perspective, using the concepts of stigma by Goffman (2006) and symbolic violence by Bourdieu (1998) to examine its consequences on the identity and reintegration of those accused. Based on a qualitative documentary analysis, the effects of the funa are compared with formal justice mechanisms, identifying the lack of procedural guarantees and the impossibility of defense of the accused. Restorative justice is discussed as an alternative to balance legitimate denunciation with the reparation of damages. It is concluded that, although the funa exposes urgent social problems, replacing formal justice with digital sanctions can generate new forms of exclusion and violence. Judicial systems need to be strengthened to ensure fair trials for both victims and defendants.