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Der Prognostiker des Jahres: Ein Zufallsergebnis? Möglichkeiten einer mehrdimensionalen Evaluierung von Konjunkturprognosen

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  • Döhrn, Roland

Abstract

Man findet in zunehmendem Maße Versuche, Prognosen nicht nur danach zu bewerten, wie hoch ihre Treffsicherheit bei der Vorhersage einer Variablen ist, sondern die Prognosegüte bei einem Satz von Variablen ins Bild nehmen. Eine solche mehrdimensionale Evaluierung von Prognosen stellt zum Teil Neuland dar. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt einige Kennziffern vor, die auf in der multivariaten Analyse gebräuchlichen Abstandsmaßen basieren und die für eine solche Evaluierung herangezogen werden können. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Bewertung von Prognosen stark von dem gewählten Abstandsmaß und von der Auswahl der in die Evaluierung einbezogenen Variablen abhängt. Ein besonderes Problem resultiert dabei daraus, dass die prognostizierten Variablen in der Regeln nicht unabhängig von einander sind, Dies legt nahe, die Mahalanobis-Distanz als Abstandsmaß zu verwenden an Stelle der gebräuchlicheren Eulerschen Distanz oder einer City-Block-Metric. Allerdings bestraft die Mahalanobis-Distanz solche Prognosefehler härter, die den in der Vergangenheit beobachteten Korrelationen zwischen den Variablen widersprechen. Berücksichtigt man die Unsicherheit in den Daten, die als Referenz für die Bewertung der Prognosen herangezogen werden, so zeigt sich allerdings, dass die Abstandsmaße mit einem relativ großen Unschärfebereich zu versehen sind. Daher sollten aus kleinen Unterschieden in den Distanzmaßen keine allzu weitgehenden Schlüsse gezogen werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Döhrn, Roland, 2015. "Der Prognostiker des Jahres: Ein Zufallsergebnis? Möglichkeiten einer mehrdimensionalen Evaluierung von Konjunkturprognosen," IBES Diskussionsbeiträge 208, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Business and Economic Studie (IBES).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:udewwd:208
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tara M. Sinclair & H. O. Stekler & Warren Carnow, 2012. "A new approach for evaluating economic forecasts," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 32(3), pages 2332-2342.
    2. Döhrn Roland & Schmidt Christoph M., 2011. "Information or Institution?: On the Determinants of Forecast Accuracy," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 231(1), pages 9-27, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tim Köhler & Jörg Döpke, 2023. "Will the last be the first? Ranking German macroeconomic forecasters based on different criteria," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 797-832, February.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Konjunkturprognosen; Prognoseevaluation; Mehrdimensionale Evaluierung; Eulersche Distanz; Mahalanobis-Distanz;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • E17 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications

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