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Deutsche Arbeitsplätze und Brexit: Die Bedeutung des Exports nach Großbritannien für die Beschäftigung in den deutschen Bundesländern

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  • Schrader, Klaus
  • Jessen-Thiesen, Levke

Abstract

Die Autoren zeigen mit ihrer Analyse, dass der Abschluss des Handels- und Kooperationsabkommen zwischen der EU und Großbritannien im Interesse aller deutschen Bundesländer ist. Trotz unterschiedlicher Gewichte gehört Großbritannien, die bislang zweitgrößte Volkswirtschaft in der EU, zu den Haupthandelspartnern jedes Bundeslandes. Vor der Corona-Krise erreichte der Export nach Großbritannien im mehrjährigen Durchschnitt einen Anteil von fast 7 Prozent am deutschen Gesamtexport, der Spitzenwert des Saarlands betrug sogar 14 Prozent. Die Analyse ergibt, dass sich insgesamt etwa 188.000 Beschäftigte im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe Deutschlands dem Export nach Großbritannien direkt zurechnen lassen. Hinzu kommen Beschäftigte in Zulieferindustrien. Ein großer Teil dieser Beschäftigten entfällt auf die großen industriereichen Bundesländer, jedoch ist das relative Gewicht dieser Beschäftigung in kleineren Bundesländern, wie dem Saarland oder Bremen, wesentlich höher. Auf Branchenebene liegen deutliche Schwerpunkte in der Automobilindustrie und im Maschinenbau, die fast 50 Prozent der vom Export nach Großbritannien abhängigen Industriebeschäftigten auf sich vereinigen. Für die einzelnen Bundesländer spielt es eine große Rolle, wie stark Industrien mit intensiven Handelsbeziehungen nach Großbritannien vertreten sind.

Suggested Citation

  • Schrader, Klaus & Jessen-Thiesen, Levke, 2021. "Deutsche Arbeitsplätze und Brexit: Die Bedeutung des Exports nach Großbritannien für die Beschäftigung in den deutschen Bundesländern," Kiel Policy Brief 149, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkpb:149
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Benjamin Born & Gernot J Müller & Moritz Schularick & Petr Sedláček, 2019. "The Costs of Economic Nationalism: Evidence from the Brexit Experiment," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 129(623), pages 2722-2744.
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    3. repec:oup:econjl:v:129:y:2019:i:10:p:2722-2744. is not listed on IDEAS
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    Keywords

    Brexit; Bundesländer; Export; Beschäftigung; federal states; export; employment;
    All these keywords.

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