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Effekte der US-Präsidentschaft Trump – Neuer Protektionismus

Author

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  • Gabriel Felbermayr
  • Marina Steininger

Abstract

In diesem Policy Brief diskutieren wir verschiedene protektionistische Maßnahmen, die seitens den USA ins Gespräch gebracht wurden. Wir stellen fest, dass die amerikanische Handelspolitik schon vor Donald Trump protektionistischer geworden ist, dass aber eine weitere Verschärfung wahrscheinlich scheint. Um die mögliche Betroffenheit Österreichs zu quantifizieren, simulieren wir verschiedene Szenarien mit Hilfe des ifo-Handelsmodells. Dieses berücksichtigt, dass Österreich in erheblichem Ausmaß indirekt in die USA exportiert, weil österreichische Vorprodukte in deutschen Endprodukten verbaut werden. Wir simulieren, dass eine Wiedereinführung von Handelsbarrieren in der nordamerikanischen Freihandelszone für die USA mit Kosten von 37 Mrd. Euro verbunden wäre, während Österreich durch Handelsumlenkungseffekte sogar einen kleinen Zuwachs des BIP von circa 35 Mio. Euro erwarten könnte. Das Bild ändert sich, wenn die USA unilateral neue Zölle und nicht-tarifäre Handelsbarrieren einführen. Dann könnte das österreichische BIP um bis zu 1 Mrd. Euro geringer ausfallen, wobei die Einbußen im Fahrzeugsektor, dem Maschinenbau, im Metallbereich und im Elektrosektor am deutlichsten wären. Eine Reform der Unternehmenssteuer mit Einführung eines Grenzsteuerausgleiches würde Österreich nur sehr geringfügig, und eventuell sogar positiv, betreffen.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriel Felbermayr & Marina Steininger, 2017. "Effekte der US-Präsidentschaft Trump – Neuer Protektionismus," FIW Policy Brief series 037, FIW.
  • Handle: RePEc:wsr:pbrief:y:2017:i:037
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    References listed on IDEAS

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