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Regolazione dei prezzi o razionamento: l’efficacia dei due sistemi di allocazione nella fornitura di risorse scarse a coloro che ne hanno maggiore necessita’.

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Author Info
Di Novi, Cinzia

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Abstract

TUsando un semplice modello formale, dovuto a Martin Weitzman, questo paper analizza sotto quali condizioni il sistema dei prezzi sia più efficace del sistema di razionamento, nel fornire un determinato bene, presente in quantità scarsa, a coloro che ne hanno una maggiore necessità, in presenza di informazione incompleta. La risposta dipende dalla distribuzione dei bisogni e dalla distribuzione del reddito. Il sistema dei prezzi gode di un grande vantaggio comparato, nel fornire un bene scarso e nel raggiungere i più bisognosi, quando nella società la distribuzione dei bisogni è molto dispersa e la distribuzione del reddito è pressoché egalitaria. Invece, il razionamento risulta essere più efficace quando i bisogni sono uniformi ma vi è una forte ineguaglianza nella distribuzione del reddito. Rielaborando tale modello, inoltre, è possibile dimostrare che in presenza di una funzione cubica di perdita di efficacia, il vantaggio comparato di un sistema sull’altro dipende dall’asimmetria della distribuzione del reddito. Si mostra, infine, come il meccanismo di razionamento mediante coda possa rappresentare una possibile soluzione al problema dell’informazione incompleta..

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Department of Public Policy and Public Choice - POLIS in its series P.O.L.I.S. department's Working Papers with number 35.

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Length: 26 pages
Date of creation: Oct 2003
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Handle: RePEc:uca:ucapdv:35

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Web page: http://polis.unipmn.it/index.html

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D61 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
D82 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Asymmetric and Private Information

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  1. Francisco Rivera-Batiz, 1981. "The Price System vs. Rationing: An Extension," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 12(1), pages 245-248, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Martin L. Weitzman, 1977. "Is the Price System or Rationing More Effective in Getting a Commodity to Those Who Need It Most?," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 8(2), pages 517-524, Autumn. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Prell, Mark A., 1996. "Which Allocation System Is More Effective in Getting a Commodity to Those Who Need It Most?," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 165-178, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Michael Alexeev & James Leitzel, 1999. "Income Distribution and Price Controls: Targeting a Social Safety Net During Economic Transition," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 281, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan Stephen M. Ross Business School. [Downloadable!]
  5. Weitzman, Martin L, 1974. "Prices vs. Quantities," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 41(4), pages 477-91, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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