IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pri/crcwel/16-04-ff.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Even at a Young Age: Exclusionary School Discipline and Children’s Physically Aggressive Behaviors

Author

Listed:
  • Wade Jacobsen

    (Pennsylvania State University)

  • Garrett Pace

    (Princeton University)

  • Nayan Ramirez

    (Pennsylvania State University)

Abstract

Exclusionary school discipline has become an increasingly common experience among US children, with rates of suspension and expulsion highest among boys, minorities, and the poor. Although well documented among middle and high school students, less is known about the prevalence or consequences among younger children. We examine rates of school discipline across gender, race, and class for urban-born children by about age nine. We then estimate the effect of school discipline on physically aggressive behavior. Results reveal severe disparities, especially among poor children where 1 in 2 black boys and more than 1 in 3 black girls have been suspended or expelled, compared to fewer than 1 in 30 non-black non-Hispanic boys or girls. We find no evidence that school discipline reduces children’s physically aggressive behaviors. Indeed, it appears to be associated with increases in such behavior, with similar effects across gender, race, and class.

Suggested Citation

  • Wade Jacobsen & Garrett Pace & Nayan Ramirez, 2016. "Even at a Young Age: Exclusionary School Discipline and Children’s Physically Aggressive Behaviors," Working Papers 16-04-ff, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    • Handle: RePEc:pri:crcwel:16-04-ff
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://kipdf.com/even-at-a-young-age-exclusionary-school-discipline-and-children-s-physically-agg_5afd96028ead0e7d268b45ba.html
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Devah Pager, 2003. "The mark of a criminal record," Natural Field Experiments 00319, The Field Experiments Website.
    2. Gary S. Becker, 1974. "Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach," NBER Chapters, in: Essays in the Economics of Crime and Punishment, pages 1-54, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Amanda Geller & Irwin Garfinkel & Bruce Western, 2011. "Paternal Incarceration and Support for Children in Fragile Families," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 48(1), pages 25-47, February.
    4. Christopher Wildeman & Kristin Turney, 2014. "Positive, Negative, or Null? The Effects of Maternal Incarceration on Children’s Behavioral Problems," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 51(3), pages 1041-1068, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dong, Beidi & Krohn, Marvin D., 2020. "The effects of parental school exclusion on offspring drug use: An intergenerational path analysis," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Allison Dwyer Emory, 2019. "Unintended Consequences: Protective State Policies and the Employment of Fathers with Criminal Records," Working Papers wp19-04-ff, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    2. Bastien Michel & Camille Hémet, 2022. "Custodial versus non-custodial sentences: Long-run evidence from an anticipated reform," PSE Working Papers halshs-03899897, HAL.
    3. Emeline Bezin & Thierry Verdier & Yves Zenou, 2022. "Crime, Broken Families, and Punishment," American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 14(4), pages 723-760, November.
    4. Christopher Wildeman & Kristin Turney & Youngmin Yi, 2016. "Paternal Incarceration and Family Functioning," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 665(1), pages 80-97, May.
    5. Christopher Wildeman, 2011. "Parental Incarceration, Child Homelessness, and the Invisible Consequences of Mass Imprisonment," Working Papers 1281, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    6. Siwach, Garima, 2018. "Unemployment shocks for individuals on the margin: Exploring recidivism effects," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 231-244.
    7. Yuki Otsu, 2016. "Crime, Search, and Ex-offenders’ Accessibility to Labor Markets," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 30(4), pages 393-414, December.
    8. Sara Wakefield & Hedwig Lee & Christopher Wildeman, 2016. "Tough on Crime, Tough on Families? Criminal Justice and Family Life in America," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 665(1), pages 8-21, May.
    9. Kristin Turney, 2013. "Liminal Men: Incarceration and Family Instability," Working Papers 1478, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    10. Kristin Turney & Rachel E. Goldberg, 2019. "Paternal Incarceration and Early Sexual Onset Among Adolescents," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 38(1), pages 95-123, February.
    11. Dylan B. Jackson & Alexander Testa & Daniel C. Semenza & Michael G. Vaughn, 2021. "Parental Incarceration, Child Adversity, and Child Health: A Strategic Comparison Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-15, March.
    12. Peter Leasure & Robert J. Kaminski, 2021. "The Effectiveness of Certificates of Relief: A Correspondence Audit of Hiring Outcomes," Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 18(4), pages 849-875, December.
    13. Steven N. Durlauf & Daniel S. Nagin, 2010. "The Deterrent Effect of Imprisonment," NBER Chapters, in: Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs, pages 43-94, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Synøve N. Andersen & Kjetil Telle, 2016. "Electronic monitoring and recidivism. Quasi-experimental evidence from Norway," Discussion Papers 844, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    15. Amanda Y. Agan & Michael D. Makowsky, 2018. "The Minimum Wage, EITC, and Criminal Recidivism," Working Papers 616, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
    16. Bruce Western & Natalie Smith, 2018. "Formerly Incarcerated Parents and Their Children," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(3), pages 823-847, June.
    17. Allison Dwyer Emory, 2017. "Explaining the Consequences of Paternal Incarceration for Children's Behavioral Problems," Working Papers wp17-01-ff, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    18. Angela Bruns, 2015. "Stability and Change: Income Packaging among Partners of Incarcerated Men," Working Papers wp15-04-ff, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    19. Yang, Crystal S., 2017. "Local labor markets and criminal recidivism," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 16-29.
    20. Gottlieb, Aaron, 2016. "Household incarceration in early adolescence and risk of premarital first birth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 126-134.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pri:crcwel:16-04-ff. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Bobray Bordelon (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ccprius.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.