IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/106454.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Development and access to finance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Mongolia

Author

Listed:
  • Doojav, Gan-Ochir
  • Luvsannyam, Davaajargal
  • Sukhbaatar, Bilguun
  • Sodnomdarjaa, Bilguunzul
  • Otgonbat, Tsolmon
  • Batmunkh, Khuslen
  • Gantumur, Munkhbayar
  • Enkh-Amgalan, Elbegjargal

Abstract

This paper presents a recent survey on development and access to finance of small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) in Mongolia. The survey covers a sample of 1922 SMEs from Ulaanbaatar (capital city) and 21 provinces. We find that banks and local government administration are the most supportive institution for SME development. Political instability, corruption and labour supply, high lending rate, short maturity loans, service fees are perceived as the major obstacles that SMEs face in their business environments. Our results also suggest that SMEs in Mongolia are less likely to have access to external finance because of tight credit condition, potentially explaining the lack of SMEs’ growth. Implementing country-specific reform strategy for SME development covering key building blocks is needed to promote SME financial inclusion and facilitate SMEs to contribute the economic growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Doojav, Gan-Ochir & Luvsannyam, Davaajargal & Sukhbaatar, Bilguun & Sodnomdarjaa, Bilguunzul & Otgonbat, Tsolmon & Batmunkh, Khuslen & Gantumur, Munkhbayar & Enkh-Amgalan, Elbegjargal, 2019. "Development and access to finance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Mongolia," MPRA Paper 106454, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:106454
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/106454/1/MPRA_paper_106454.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. N. Berger, Allen & F. Udell, Gregory, 1998. "The economics of small business finance: The roles of private equity and debt markets in the financial growth cycle," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(6-8), pages 613-673, August.
    2. George Clarke & Robert Cull & Maria Soledad Martinez Peria & Susana M. S·nchez, 2003. "Foreign Bank Entry: Experience, Implications for Developing Economies, and Agenda for Further Research," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 18(1), pages 25-59.
    3. Beck, Thorsten & Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Laeven, Luc & Maksimovic, Vojislav, 2006. "The determinants of financing obstacles," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(6), pages 932-952, October.
    4. Beck, Thorsten & Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli & Singer, Dorothe, 2013. "Is Small Beautiful? Financial Structure, Size and Access to Finance," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 19-33.
    5. Berger, Allen N, et al, 2004. "Bank Concentration and Competition: An Evolution in the Making," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 36(3), pages 433-451, June.
    6. Nicolas R Blancher & Maximiliano Appendino & Aidyn Bibolov & Armand Fouejieu & Jiawei Li & Anta Ndoye & Alexandra Panagiotakopoulou & Wei Shi & Tetyana Sydorenko, 2019. "Financial Inclusion of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Middle East and Central Asia," IMF Departmental Papers / Policy Papers 2019/002, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Meghana Ayyagari & Thorsten Beck & Asli Demirguc-Kunt, 2007. "Small and Medium Enterprises Across the Globe," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 29(4), pages 415-434, December.
    8. Simon Johnson & John McMillan & Christopher Woodruff, 2002. "Property Rights and Finance," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 92(5), pages 1335-1356, December.
    9. Levy, Brian, 1993. "Obstacles to Developing Indigenous Small and Medium Enterprises: An Empirical Assessment," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 7(1), pages 65-83, January.
    10. Cull, Robert & Xu, Lixin Colin, 2005. "Institutions, ownership, and finance: the determinants of profit reinvestment among Chinese firms," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(1), pages 117-146, July.
    11. World Bank, 2019. "Doing Business 2019," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 30438, December.
    12. Beck, Thorsten & Demirguc-Kunt, Asli, 2006. "Small and medium-size enterprises: Access to finance as a growth constraint," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 2931-2943, November.
    13. Allen N. Berger & Asli Demirgüč-Kunt & Joseph G. Haubrich & Ross Levine, 2004. "Introduction: Bank concentration and competition: an evolution in the making," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, pages 433-451.
    14. Oya Pinar Ardic & Nataliya Mylenko & Valentina Saltane, 2012. "Access to Finance by Small and Medium Enterprises: a Cross-Country Analysis with A New Data Set," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 17(4), pages 491-513, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ulziimaa Altnaa & Laszlo Vasa & Gyorgy Ivan Neszmelyi, 2021. "The Role of Network Ties on SMEs Internationalization Process in the Developing Countries/Emerging Markets: A Comparison between Mongolia, China, and Malaysia," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(1), pages 274-291.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Beck, Thorsten & Demirguc-Kunt, Asli, 2006. "Small and medium-size enterprises: Access to finance as a growth constraint," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 2931-2943, November.
    2. Charles HARVIE & Narjoko Dionisius & Sothea OUM, 2013. "Small and Medium Enterprises' Access to Finance: Evidence from Selected Asian Economies," Working Papers DP-2013-23, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA).
    3. Ayyagari, Meghana & Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Maksimovic, Vojislav, 2012. "Financing of firms in developing countries : lessons from research," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6036, The World Bank.
    4. Esho, Ebes & Verhoef, Grietjie, 2018. "The Funding Gap and the Financing of Small and Medium Businesses: An Integrated Literature Review and an Agenda," MPRA Paper 90153, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 21 Nov 2018.
    5. Brixiová, Zuzana & Kangoye, Thierry & Yogo, Thierry Urbain, 2020. "Access to finance among small and medium-sized enterprises and job creation in Africa," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 177-189.
    6. Anjali Kumar & Manuela Francisco, 2005. "Enterprise Size, Financing Patterns, and Credit Constraints in Brazil : Analysis of Data from the Investment Climate Assessment Survey," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 7330, December.
    7. Demirguc-Kunt, Asli, 2006. "Finance and economic development : policy choices for developing countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3955, The World Bank.
    8. Ullah, Barkat, 2020. "Financial constraints, corruption, and SME growth in transition economies," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 120-132.
    9. de la Torre, Augusto & Martínez Pería, María Soledad & Schmukler, Sergio L., 2010. "Bank involvement with SMEs: Beyond relationship lending," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(9), pages 2280-2293, September.
    10. Lin, Chen & Man-lai Wong, Sonia, 2013. "Government intervention and firm investment: Evidence from international micro-data," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 637-653.
    11. Nyanzu, Frederick & Quaidoo, Matthew, 2017. "Access to Finance Constraint and SMEs Functioning in Ghana," MPRA Paper 83202, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Dec 2017.
    12. Beck, T.H.L., 2007. "Financing constraints of SMEs in developing countries : Evidence, determinants and solutions," Other publications TiSEM 85aac075-08b5-44ce-bf1a-9, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    13. Durguner, Sena, 2017. "Do borrower-lender relationships still matter for small business loans?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 98-118.
    14. Mirgul Nizaeva & Ali Coskun, 2019. "Investigating the Relationship Between Financial Constraint and Growth of SMEs in South Eastern Europe," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(3), pages 21582440198, September.
    15. Warisha Waheed & Danish Ahmed Siddiqui, 2019. "The Profiling of Awareness of Access and Use of Finance: A Case Study of SMEs In Karachi," Asian Development Policy Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 7(3), pages 133-164, September.
    16. Knack, Steve & Xu, Lixin Colin, 2017. "Unbundling institutions for external finance: Worldwide firm-level evidence," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 215-232.
    17. W. Raphael Lam & Yan Liu, 2020. "Tackling Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) Financing in China," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 21(1), pages 209-239, May.
    18. Mou, W.M. & Wong, W.-K. & McAleer, M.J., 2018. "Financial Credit Risk and Core Enterprise Supply Chains," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI2018-27, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    19. Segarra Blasco, Agustí, 1958- & Teruel, Mercedes, 2010. "Are small firms more sensitive to financial variables?," Working Papers 2072/151623, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics.
    20. Reto Wernli & Andreas Dietrich, 2022. "Only the brave: improving self-rationing efficiency among discouraged Swiss SMEs," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 59(3), pages 977-1003, October.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Small and medium-size enterprises; Business environment; Access to finance; Economic development;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:106454. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.