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Misallocation and Capital Market Integration: Evidence From India

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  • Natalie Bau
  • Adrien Matray

Abstract

We show that foreign capital liberalization reduces capital misallocation and increases aggregate productivity for affected industries in India. The staggered liberalization of access to foreign capital across disaggregated industries allows us to identify changes in firms' input wedges, overcoming major challenges in the measurement of the effects of changing misallocation. Liberalization increases capital overall. For domestic firms with initially high marginal revenue products of capital (MRPK), liberalization increases revenues by 23%, physical capital by 53%, wage bills by 28%, and reduces MRPK by 33% relative to low MRPK firms. The effects of liberalization are largest in areas with less developed local banking sectors, indicating that inefficiencies in that sector may cause misallocation. Finally, we propose an assumption under which a novel method exploiting natural experiments can be used to bound the effect of changes in misallocation on treated industries' aggregate productivity. These industries' Solow residual increases by 3–16%.

Suggested Citation

  • Natalie Bau & Adrien Matray, 2020. "Misallocation and Capital Market Integration: Evidence From India," NBER Working Papers 27955, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:27955
    Note: CF DEV IFM
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    Cited by:

    1. Nigmatulina, Dzhamilya, 2022. "Sanctions and misallocation. How sanctioned firms won and Russia lost," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118037, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Li, Xiang & Su, Dan, 2022. "Total factor productivity growth at the firm-level: The effects of capital account liberalization," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    3. Pelli, Martino & Tschopp, Jeanne & Bezmaternykh, Natalia & Eklou, Kodjovi M., 2023. "In the eye of the storm: Firms and capital destruction in India," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    4. Filipe Correia & Gustavo S. Cortes & Thiago C. Silva, 2021. "Is Corporate Credit Risk Propagated to Employees?," Working Papers Series 551, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    5. Chen, Guowen & Herrera, Ana María & Lugauer, Steven, 2022. "Policy and misallocation: Evidence from Chinese firm-level data," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    6. Ali, Nesma & Stiebale, Joel, 2021. "Foreign direct investment, prices and efficiency: Evidence from India," DICE Discussion Papers 363, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    7. Matray, Adrien, 2021. "The local innovation spillovers of listed firms," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 395-412.
    8. Pham, Hoang, 2023. "Trade reform, oligopsony, and labor market distortion: Theory and evidence," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    9. Dekle, Robert & Tsang, Andrew, 2023. "Monetary policy shocks and resource misallocations in the Periphery: Evidence from Chinese provincial bond yields," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    10. Fonseca, Julia & Van Doornik, Bernardus, 2022. "Financial development and labor market outcomes: Evidence from Brazil," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(1), pages 550-568.
    11. Benjamin Bureau & Anne Duquerroy & Frédéric Vinas, 2021. "Activity shocks and corporate liquidity: the role of trade credit," Working papers 851, Banque de France.
    12. Crescenzi, Riccardo & Limodio, Nicola, 2021. "The impact of Chinese FDI in Africa: evidence from Ethiopia," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 108455, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    13. Dzhamilya Nigmatulina, 2022. "Sanctions and misallocation. How sanctioned firms won and Russia lost," CEP Discussion Papers dp1886, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    14. Laszlo Tetenyi, 2021. "Trade, Misallocation, and Capital Market Integration," Working Papers w202119, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    15. Abhay Aneja & Nirupama Kulkarni & S.K. Ritadhi, 2021. "Consumption Tax Reform and the Real Economy: Evidence from India’s Adoption of a Value-Added Tax," Working Papers 48, Ashoka University, Department of Economics.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F38 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Financial Policy: Financial Transactions Tax; Capital Controls
    • F6 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity

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