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Estado de uma Nação: Textos de Apoio - Estado e Economia: Estado e E Crescimento Econômico no Brasil

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  • Regis Bonelli
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    Abstract

    As inter-relações entre estado e economia cobrem diversas áreas de interesse e são de uma variedade tal que desafiam os analistas de diversas disciplinas em qualquer país. Com o risco de deixar de lado faces importantes desta questão, este texto destaca temas macroeconômicos, com foco no Brasil, e faz comparações com outros países. Assim, o presente artigo discute aspectos como os da evolução de médio e longo prazo do nível de atividade, da governança, da presença do estado na economia e do investimento em capital fixo. O Brasil vem, há quase duas décadas, implementando reformas institucionais de cunho econômico, político, social, jurídico e administrativo, com reflexos inegavelmente positivos na atividade econômica, na área social e no exercício da cidadania. Esta tendência está de acordo com as observadas em outros países. Assim como nestes, as reformas são, essencialmente, uma resposta à necessidade de melhorar a eficiência do setor público nos diversos níveis federativos e de aperfeiçoar as bases para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico. No entanto, é importante que os caminhos seguidos não criem distorções ou desincentivo para as atividades privadas, sob o risco de diminuir a eficácia em relação ao crescimento desejado. Contudo, mais recentemente, tem-se observado um arrefecimento no processo de reforma, em razão da dificuldade de consenso no interior do executivo e por parte substancial do legislativo. Ainda assim, a análise do texto seguinte mostrará que a sustentabilidade do crescimento brasileiro depende de reformas e medidas de políticas públicas em diversas áreas.

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    Bibliographic Info

    Paper provided by Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA in its series Discussion Papers with number 1393.

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    Length: 77 pages
    Date of creation: Feb 2009
    Date of revision:
    Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1393

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    1. Babetskii, Ian & Campos, Nauro F., 2007. "Does reform work? An econometric examination of the reform-growth puzzle," BOFIT Discussion Papers 13/2007, Bank of Finland, Institute for Economies in Transition.
    2. Robert E. Hall & Charles I. Jones, 1999. "Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output per Worker than Others?," NBER Working Papers 6564, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. António Afonso & Ludger Schuknecht & Vito Tanzi, 2005. "Public sector efficiency: An international comparison," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 123(3), pages 321-347, June.
    4. Blanco, Fernando & Herrera, Santiago, 2006. "The quality of fiscal adjustment and the long-run growth impact of fiscal policy in Brazil," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4004, The World Bank.
    5. Guido Tabellini, 2004. "The Role of the State in Economic Development," Working Papers 265, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University.
    6. Benedict J. Clements & Christopher Faircloth & Marijn Verhoeven, 2007. "Public Expenditure in Latin America: Trends and Key Policy Issues," IMF Working Papers 07/21, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Fernando Blanco & Santiago Herrera, 2006. "The Quality Of Fiscal Adjustment And The Long-Run Growth Impact Of Fiscal Policy In Brazil," Anais do XXXIV Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 34th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 87, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pósgraduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
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