IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/inq/inqwps/ecineq2012-243.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

The Evolution of gender and racial occupational segregation in Brazil - 1987 to 2006: Differences between formal and non-formal labour markets

Author

Listed:
  • Paola Salardi

    (University of Sussex)

Abstract

This paper provides a unique analysis of the evolution of gender and racial occupational segregation in Brazil from 1987-2006. Drawing on a novel dataset, constructed by harmonizing national household data over twenty years, the paper provides extensive new insights in the nature and evolution of occupational segregation over time, while also providing important new insights into the forces driving these changes. The results presented here expand upon existing research in the developing world in several directions. First, the new dataset constructed for this study allows the analysis to cover a longer time period than has previously been possible. Second, the analysis explores both gender and racial segregation side by side. Third, all of the analysis is conducted for the labour market as a whole, and disaggregated into the formal, informal and self-employed labour markets. Fourth, the paper decomposes the key driving forces that lie behind trends in occupational segregation. The paper presents three major findings: first, gender segregation is always considerably greater than racial occupational segregation, but racial segregation has been more persistent over time and has several features that make it comparatively worrisome; second, while occupational segregation is declining by both gender and race, the decline has been greater in the formal labour market. Third, the decomposition of segregation measures over time reveals that changes in the internal gender and racial composition of occupations has driven improvements over time. These important differences between formal and non-formal labour markets provide preliminary insights into the possible importance of formal labour market policies and institutions in shaping outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Paola Salardi, 2012. "The Evolution of gender and racial occupational segregation in Brazil - 1987 to 2006: Differences between formal and non-formal labour markets," Working Papers 243, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    • Handle: RePEc:inq:inqwps:ecineq2012-243
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.ecineq.org/milano/WP/ECINEQ2012-243.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Francisco Carneiro, 1997. "The Changing Informal Labour Market in Brazil: Cyclicality versus Excessive Intervention," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 11(1), pages 3-22, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Gradín, 2016. "Race, Ethnicity, Immigration, and Living Conditions in Costa Rica," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 62(S1), pages 90-119, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Branko Milanovic & Paola Salardi, 2016. "The Evolution of Gender and Racial Occupational Segregation Across Formal and Non-Formal Labor Markets in Brazil, 1987 to 2006," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 62, pages 68-89, August.
    2. Scherer, C.R., 2015. "Payroll tax reduction in Brazil : Effects on employment and wages," ISS Working Papers - General Series 602, International Institute of Social Studies of Erasmus University Rotterdam (ISS), The Hague.
    3. Eduardo Augusto Soares Coelho Barbosa & Samuel Cruz Alves Pereira & Elísio Fernando Moreira Brandão, 2013. "The Shadow Economy in Portugal: An Analysis Using the MIMIC Model," FEP Working Papers 514, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.
    4. Galli, Rossana. & Kucera, David,, 2008. "Gender, informality and employment adjustment in Latin America," ILO Working Papers 994135003402676, International Labour Organization.
    5. Nelson Leitão Paes, 2011. "O Parcelamento Tributário E Seus Efeitossobre O Comportamento Dos Contribuintes," Anais do XXXVIII Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 38th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 160, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
    6. Andres J. Vargas, 2011. "The Effect of Social Security Contributions on Coverage and Wages: A Gender Perspective Using a Natural Experiment from Colombia," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 78(2), pages 476-501, October.
    7. Henley, Andrew & Arabsheibani, G. Reza & Carneiro, Francisco G., 2009. "On Defining and Measuring the Informal Sector: Evidence from Brazil," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 992-1003, May.
    8. Henley, Andrew & Arabsheibani, G. Reza & Carneiro, Francisco G., 2006. "On defining and measuring the informal sector," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3866, The World Bank.
    9. repec:ilo:ilowps:413500 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Carneiro, Francisco Galrão, 2003. "A poverty profile and functional aspects of Brazilian labour markets," Oficina de la CEPAL en Brasilia (Estudios e Investigaciones) 28342, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    11. Carneiro, Francisco G., 1998. "Productivity effects in brazilian wage determination," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 139-153, January.
    12. Serdar Acun, 2021. "Türkiye’de Ücretlilerin Kayıtlı Çalışma Olasılığını Belirleyen Faktörlerin Analizi," Journal of Social Policy Conferences, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 0(80), pages 423-450, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Brazil; Gender; Race; Occupational Segregation; Informality.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:inq:inqwps:ecineq2012-243. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Maria Ana Lugo (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ecineea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.