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Collective Rights Organizations and Investment in Upstream R&D

Author

Listed:
  • Rieko Aoki
  • Aaron Schiff

Abstract

We examine third-party collective rights organisations (CROs) such as clearinghouses that license innovations on behalf of inventors when downstream uses require licenses to multiple complementary innovations. We consider two simple royalty redistribution schemes, two different innovation environments and two different antitrust rules. We show that in most cases CROs increase incentives to invest in R&D as they increase profits from licensing. However, incentives to invest of inventors who have the unique ability to develop a crucial component may be weakened. We also show that CROs may increase or decrease expected welfare, and are more likely to be beneficial when R&D costs are relatively high, and/or the probability of success for inventors is relatively low.

Suggested Citation

  • Rieko Aoki & Aaron Schiff, 2009. "Collective Rights Organizations and Investment in Upstream R&D," Global COE Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series gd08-045, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    • Handle: RePEc:hst:ghsdps:gd08-045
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    File URL: http://gcoe.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/research/discussion/2008/pdf/gd08-045.pdf
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Intellectual property; licensing; collective rights organizations; anticommons;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L24 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Contracting Out; Joint Ventures
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital

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