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L'innovation technologique face au changement climatique : quelle est la position de la France ?

Author

Listed:
  • Yann Ménière

    (CERNA i3 - Centre d'économie industrielle i3 - Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Matthieu Glachant

    (CERNA i3 - Centre d'économie industrielle i3 - Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Antoine Dechezleprêtre

    (Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment - LSE - London School of Economics and Political Science)

  • C. Pot

    (CERNA i3 - Centre d'économie industrielle i3 - Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • F. Carrere

    (Boston Consulting Group - Boston Consulting Group)

  • Gilles Le Blanc

    (CERNA i3 - Centre d'économie industrielle i3 - Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Cet article propose une analyse statistique du positionnement et de la performance de la France en matière de technologies de lutte contre le réchauffement climatique. La méthodologie s'appuie sur une base de données décrivant l'ensemble des dépôts de brevets entre 1980 et 2008 dans 17 classes technologiques couvrant un large spectre de technologies liées au climat. Avec 5,2% des inventions brevetées en moyenne en 2008 dans les technologies étudiées, la France est en moyenne au 5ème rang mondial dans un classement dominé par les Etats-Unis, le Japon, la Corée du Sud et l'Allemagne. 20% des dépôts de brevet en France proviennent du secteur public, contre 10% dans les autres pays industrialisés. Plus de la moitié des inventions "climat" françaises sont protégés dans des pays étrangers, soit 1,5 fois plus que la moyenne mondiale. L'analyse par domaine technologique met en évidence un positionnement faible de la France dans les énergies renouvelables, dans lesquelles l'innovation est pourtant la plus dynamique au niveau mondial. En revanche, son positionnement est fort dans des secteurs comme le nucléaire (même si elle n'arrive qu'au troisième rang derrière le Japon et les Etats-Unis), la capture et séquestration du carbone (CSC), l'isolation, le ciment, le chauffage, l'hydraulique et les véhicules électriques et hybrides, où elle tire parti de la présence et du potentiel innovant des grandes firmes françaises d'envergure internationale (Air Liquide, Alstom, Areva, Electricité de France, Lafarge, PSA Peugeot Citroën, Renault, Saint-Gobain, Schlumberger) et des organismes publics de recherche scientifique (CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut Français du Pétrole).

Suggested Citation

  • Yann Ménière & Matthieu Glachant & Antoine Dechezleprêtre & C. Pot & F. Carrere & Gilles Le Blanc, 2011. "L'innovation technologique face au changement climatique : quelle est la position de la France ?," Working Papers hal-00842146, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-00842146
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://minesparis-psl.hal.science/hal-00842146
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daron Acemoglu & Philippe Aghion & Leonardo Bursztyn & David Hemous, 2012. "The Environment and Directed Technical Change," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(1), pages 131-166, February.
    2. de la Tour, Arnaud & Glachant, Matthieu & Ménière, Yann, 2011. "Innovation and international technology transfer: The case of the Chinese photovoltaic industry," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 761-770, February.
    3. Yann Ménière & Antoine Dechezleprêtre & Matthieu Glachant & Ivan Hascic & N. Johnstone, 2011. "Invention and transfer of climate change mitigation technologies: a study drawing on patent data," Post-Print hal-00869795, HAL.
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