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Mieux comprendre les difficultés d'une reprise externe grâce à l'approche des représentations sociales

Author

Listed:
  • Fabienne Bornard

    (CRE - Commission de Régulation de l'Energie - EM Lyon - EM - EMLyon Business School)

  • Catherine Thevenard-Puthod

Abstract

La transmission d'entreprise par voie successorale étant en constante diminution en France, les entreprises sont de plus en plus cédées à des tiers, souvent très éloignés de la structure transmise. Dans ce contexte, deux principaux défis sont à relever. Le premier réside dans la réalisation effective de la transaction. Il faut en effet que cédants et repreneurs se rencontrent et parviennent à se mettre d‘accord sur le transfert de l'entreprise. Or de nombreuses difficultés d'ordre psychologique peuvent perturber voire empêcher la réalisation de la transaction. Le second défi est celui de la pérennisation des structures transmises. Il apparaît en effet que la signature d'un l'acte de vente entre un cédant et un repreneur n'est pas un indicateur de réussite de l'opération, la survie des entreprises reprises demeurant précaire. Il convient donc de se préoccuper davantage des fondements de ces échecs : quelles sont les raisons qui expliquent que la greffe ne prenne pas entre un repreneur externe et une entreprise reprise ? Cet article tente par conséquent de mieux éclairer les difficultés rencontrées par les multiples protagonistes d'une reprise, en mettant en avant les aspects psychologiques qui sont en jeu dans ce long processus et qui peuvent contraindre, voire compromettre, le succès d'une opération de reprise. Pour ce faire, nous avons choisi d'utiliser le concept de représentation sociale qui, alors même que son intérêt a été souligné en entrepreneuriat, n'a pas, à notre connaissance, encore été mobilisé par les chercheurs dans le domaine de la transmission. Or il peut s'avérer fort utile pour comprendre les réticences de chacun des acteurs à s'engager dans l'opération et à en assurer son succès. Au-delà de son attrait conceptuel, il permet également de proposer aux professionnels des pistes d'accompagnement qui pourraient faciliter le déroulement d'une reprise externe.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabienne Bornard & Catherine Thevenard-Puthod, 2009. "Mieux comprendre les difficultés d'une reprise externe grâce à l'approche des représentations sociales," Post-Print halshs-01492656, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01492656
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01492656
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Dorian Boumedjaoud & Karim Messeghem, 2020. "Vigilance entrepreneuriale du repreneur externe et mentorat : rôle de l'accompagnement en amont," Post-Print hal-02569210, HAL.
    2. Dorian Boumedjaoud & Karim Messeghem, 2019. "Opportunity recognition by SME buyer: an approach by prototype [Identification des opportunités par le repreneur de PME : une approche par les prototypes]," Post-Print hal-02422937, HAL.
    3. Dorian Boumedjaoud & Karim Messeghem, 2019. "L'influence de la créativité sur la vigilance entrepreneuriale des repreneurs de PME," Post-Print hal-02570575, HAL.

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