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Surveillance informatique versus surveillance classique : une expérience d’effort réel

Author

Listed:
  • Brice Corgnet

    (EM - EMLyon Business School)

  • Ludivine Martin
  • Peguy Ndodjang
  • Angela Sutan

Abstract

La théorie de l'agence stipule que la surveillance constante est nécessaire pour augmenter l'effort des agents. Alors que la littérature se concentre plutôt sur la surveillance probabiliste de la production, cet article étudie l'impact de la surveillance constante et continue rendue possible par les technologies de l'information et la compare avec la surveillance classique, imparfaite et probabiliste. Nous analysons ainsi les différences des effets de la surveillance informatique et de la surveillance classique sur les comportements des agents. Nous analysons également les impacts sur les comportements des principaux qui sont largement ignorés dans la littérature existante. À cette fin, nous avons mené une expérience contrôlée en laboratoire, en utilisant le cadre de l'organisation virtuelle qui nous permet d'introduire une tâche à effort réel, ainsi que le suivi des activités de loisir et de tricherie. Nous constatons que la surveillance informatique implique un effet disciplinant, qui apparaît lorsque les agents ont une rémunération endogène et qu'ils perçoivent la sanction. La surveillance informatique, même si elle a un coût en termes de temps (le temps que le principal ne peut pas consacrer à travailler), est utile au principal pour qu'il sanctionne les comportements contre-productifs, en particulier la tricherie, et n'est pas préjudiciable à sa performance.It monitoring: a real effort experiment Agency theory states that constant monitoring is necessary to increase agents' effort. While the existing experimental evidence focuses on probabilistic output monitoring, this article studies the impact of constant and continuous monitoring allowed by information technologies (IT) and compares it with the classic imperfect and probabilistic form. We analyze thus the differences in the effects of IT vs. classic monitoring on agents' behaviors. We also analyze the impacts on principal's behaviors that are largely ignored in the existing literature. For this purpose, we conducted a controlled laboratory experiment using a virtual organization setting which enables us to introduce a real-effort work task as well as IT monitoring and shirking activities (leisure and cheating). We find that IT monitoring implies a disciplining effect which appears when the agents are in an endogenous share pay scheme and perceive the sanction of being caught shirking. IT monitoring, even if it implies a time cost (that the principal cannot dedicate to work), is yet useful for the principal to sanction counterproductive activities, especially cheating, and is not detrimental to his/her performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Brice Corgnet & Ludivine Martin & Peguy Ndodjang & Angela Sutan, 2017. "Surveillance informatique versus surveillance classique : une expérience d’effort réel," Post-Print hal-02312033, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02312033
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    JEL classification:

    • C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
    • D23 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
    • M5 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Personnel Economics

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