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The link between firm births and job creation: Is there a Upas Tree effect?

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Author Info
Adriaan J. van Stel ()
David J. Storey ()

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Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between firm births and job creation in Great Britain. We use a new data set for 60 British regions, covering the whole of Great Britain, between 1980 and 1998. The relationship between new-firm startups and employment growth has previously been examined either with no time-lag or with only a short period lag. We find, for GB as a whole, no significant relationship between startups and employment creation in the 1980s, but a negative relationship for the 'low enterprise' area of the North East of England. For the 1990s we find a significant positive relationship for GB as a whole but for Scotland, which focussed policy on startups, a negative relationship. We feel this raises questions over policies designed to raise rates of new firm formation as a strategy for employment creation, particularly in 'low enterprise' areas.

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Paper provided by Max Planck Institute of Economics, Group for Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy in its series Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy with number 2004-33.

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Length: 33 pages
Date of creation: Jun 2004
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:esi:egpdis:2004-33

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
L10 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - General
M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
R11 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Analysis of Growth, Development, and Changes

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Romer, Paul M, 1986. "Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 94(5), pages 1002-37, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. D.B. Audretsch & M.A. Carree & A.R. Thurik, 2001. "Does Entrepreneurship reduce Unemployment?," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 01-074/3, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
  3. Jovanovic, Boyan, 1982. "Selection and the Evolution of Industry," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(3), pages 649-70, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Brian Ashcroft & James Love & Eleanor Malloy, 1991. "New Firm Formation in the British Counties with Special Reference to Scotland," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 25(5), pages 395-409, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Rees, Hedley & Shah, Anup, 1986. "An Empirical Analysis of Self-employment in the U.K," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 1(1), pages 95-108, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. David B. Audretsch & Michael Fritsch, 2002. "Growth Regimes over Time and Space," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 36(2), pages 113-124, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. P.E. Lloyd & C.M. Mason, 1984. "Spatial variations in new firm formation in the United Kingdom: Comparative evidence from Merseyside, Greater Manchester and South Hampshire," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 18(3), pages 207-220, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Anne E. Green, Ivan Turok, 2000. "Employability, Adaptability and Flexibility: Changing Labour Market Prospects," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 34(7), pages 599-600, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Cressy, Robert, 1996. "Are Business Startups Debt-Rationed?," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 106(438), pages 1253-70, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Frank, Murray Z, 1988. "An Intertemporal Model of Industrial Exit," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 103(2), pages 333-44, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Granger, C W J, 1969. "Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-Spectral Methods," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 37(3), pages 424-38, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Paul Reynolds & David Storey & Paul Westhead, 1994. "Cross-national Comparisons of the Variation in New Firm Formation Rates," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 28(4), pages 443-456, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. van Praag, C M & Cramer, J S, 2001. "The Roots of Entrepreneurship and Labour Demand: Individual Ability and Low Risk Aversion," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 68(269), pages 45-62, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Martin Carree & Roy Thurik, 2006. "The Lag Structure of the Impact of Business Ownership on Eco-nomic Performance in OECD Countries," Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2006-02, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Group for Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. David B. Audretsch & Roy Thurik & Andre van Stel & M.A. Carree, 2006. "Does Self-Employment Reduce Unemployment?," Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2005-07, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Group for Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Michael Fritsch & Pamela Mueller, 2005. "The Persistence of Regional New Business Formation-Activity over Time – Assessing the Potential of Policy Promotion Programs," ERSA conference papers ersa05p706, European Regional Science Association. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Stel, A.J. van & Storey, D. & Thurik, A.R., 2006. "The Effect of Business Regulations on Nascent and Young Business Entrepreneurship," Research Paper ERS-2006-052-ORG Revision, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus Uni. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Pamela Mueller & André van Stel & David J. Storey, 2006. "The effects of new firm formation on regional development over time: The case of Great Britain," Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2006-24, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Group for Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Stel, A.J. van & Suddle, K., 2005. "The Impact of New Firm Formation on Regional Development in the Netherlands," Research Paper ERS-2005-075-ORG Revision, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus Uni. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  7. Andre van Stel, . "COMPENDIA: Harmonizing business ownership data across countries and over time," Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2005-05, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Group for Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Michael Fritsch & Pamela Mueller, 2004. "The Effects of New Business Formation on Regional Development over Time," Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2004-36, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Group for Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
  9. Michael Fritsch & Pamela Mueller, 2006. "The Effect of New Business Formation on Regional Development over Time: The Case of Germany," Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2006-19, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Group for Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  10. Andre van Stel & David Storey & Roy Thurik, 2006. "The effect of business regulations on nascent and actual entrepreneurship," Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2006-04, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Group for Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
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