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The quality of demographic data on older Africans

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  • Randall, Sara
  • Coast, Ernestina

Abstract

BACKGROUND Developing appropriate and equitable policies for older people in Africa requires accurate and reliable data. It is unclear whether existing data can accurately assess older African population structures, let alone provide the detailed information needed to inform policy decision making. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of nationally representative data on older Africans through examining the accuracy of age data collected from different sources. METHODS To measure the accuracy of age reporting overall we calculate Whipple’s Index, and a modified Whipple’s Index for older adults, using the single year age-sex distributions from (a) the household roster of 17 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) (b) the censuses of 12 of these countries and (c) the Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) for Ethiopia and Niger. We compare reported sex ratios by age. RESULTS The quality of age data is very poor for most countries outside Southern Africa, especially for older adults. In some Sahelian countries DHS surveys appear to omit a considerable proportion of older women. Data on population structure of older people by age and sex produced by the DHS and the census are inconsistent and contradictory. CONCLUSIONS Different field methodological approaches generate contradictory data on older Africans. With the exception of Southern Africa, it is impossible to assess accurately the basic demographic structure of the older population. The data available are so problematic that any conclusions about age-related health and welfare and their evolution over time and space are potentially compromised. This has ramifications for policy makers and practitioners who demand, fund and depend on large scale demographic data sources.

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  • Randall, Sara & Coast, Ernestina, 2016. "The quality of demographic data on older Africans," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 64834, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    • Handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:64834
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    File URL: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/64834/
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. Sara Randall & Ernestina Coast & Philippe Antoine & Natacha Compaore & Fatou-Binetou Dial & Alexandra Fanghanel & Sadio Ba Gning & Bilampoa Gnoumou Thiombiano & Valérie Golaz & Stephen Ojiambo Wander, 2015. "UN Census “Households†and Local Interpretations in Africa Since Independence," SAGE Open, , vol. 5(2), pages 21582440155, June.
    8. Randall, Sara & Coast, Ernestina & Compaore, Natacha & Antoine, Philippe, 2013. "The power of the interviewer: a qualitative perspective on African survey data collection," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 48277, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    9. Barrientos, Armando & Gorman, Mark & Heslop, Amanda, 2003. "Old Age Poverty in Developing Countries: Contributions and Dependence in Later Life," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 555-570, March.
    10. Sara Randall & Ernestina Coast & Natacha Compaore & Philippe Antoine, 2013. "The power of the interviewer," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 28(27), pages 763-792.
    11. John Knodel & Mary Beth Ofstedal, 2003. "Gender and Aging in the Developing World: Where Are the Men?," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 29(4), pages 677-698, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carr-Hill, Roy, 2017. "Improving Population and Poverty Estimates with Citizen Surveys: Evidence from East Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 249-259.
    2. Stephane Helleringer & Chong You & Laurence Fleury & Laetitia Douillot & Insa Diouf & Cheikh Tidiane Ndiaye & Valerie Delaunay & Rene Vidal, 2019. "Improving age measurement in low- and middle-income countries through computer vision: A test in Senegal," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 40(9), pages 219-260.
    3. Libby Hemphill & Margaret L. Hedstrom & Susan Hautaniemi Leonard, 2021. "Saving social media data: Understanding data management practices among social media researchers and their implications for archives," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 72(1), pages 97-109, January.
    4. Emmanuelle Cambois & Géraldine Duthé & Abdramane Bassiahi Soura & Yacouba Compaoré, 2019. "The Patterns of Disability in the Peripheral Neighborhoods of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and the Male–Female Health‐Survival Paradox," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 45(4), pages 835-863, December.
    5. Isabella Aboderin, 2017. "Coming Into Its Own? Developments and Challenges for Research on Aging in Africa," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 72(4), pages 643-645.
    6. Soumaïla Ouedraogo, 2020. "Estimation of older adult mortality from imperfect data: A comparative review of methods using Burkina Faso censuses," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 43(38), pages 1119-1154.
    7. Yempabou Bruno Lankoandé & Bruno Masquelier & Pascal Zabre & Hélène Bangré & Géraldine Duthé & Abdramane B. Soura & Gilles Pison & Sié Ali, 2022. "Estimating mortality from census data: A record-linkage study of the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Burkina Faso," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 46(22), pages 653-680.

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    Keywords

    ES/H043705/1; RES 062-33-0007;

    JEL classification:

    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General

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