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Incentivos fiscales en ciencia, tecnología e innovación: una revisión y análisis de la experiencia internacional

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Hernan Jaramillo Salazar ()
Carlos Pombo ()
Juan Miguel Gallego

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Abstract

Economists have shown that investments in science and technology (S&T) have an important impact on country's economic growth and productivity gains. Nowadays there is no doubt of the importance in providing public funding for S&T activities. Public policies have been oriented to provide incentives for private spending in S&T as a mechanism to enhance productive efficiency. In this regard, fiscal incentives play a crucial role to channel private efforts in research and development (R&D) projects. International experience based on the OECD case, shows that 10% decrease in the User Cost of Capital due to fiscal incentives will increase 1% R&D spending in the short run and might reach a 10% increase in the long run. ********************************************************************** Los economistas han mostrado que las inversiones en ciencia y tecnología tienen un impacto importante sobre las tasas de crecimiento económico y sobre la productividad de un país. Por tal razón hoy pocos países discuten sobre la importancia de destinar recursos públicos a dicha inversión. La agenda de política esta enfocada es a mantener un sistema de ciencia y tecnología e innovación tecnológica donde se estimule la inversión privada y se integre a las políticas públicas. Es en este punto donde los incentivos fiscales han sido cruciales en la generación de recursos privados para la ciencia y la tecnología y la mayoría de países desarrollados y algunos en desarrollo los han implementado como un mecanismo eficiente. La experiencia internacional muestra que en los países de la OCDE por una caída en un 10% del costo del capital en I&D, vía incentivos fiscales, se aumenta las inversiones en este bien en un 1% en el corto plazo y estas inversiones pueden llegar a ser del 10% en el largo plazo.

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Paper provided by UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO - FACULTAD DE ECONOMÍA in its series BORRADORES DE INVESTIGACIÓN with number 002828.

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Length: 34
Date of creation: 01 Oct 2002
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Handle: RePEc:col:000091:002828

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  1. Paul Schreyer, 2000. "The Contribution of Information and Communication Technology to Output Growth: A Study of the G7 Countries," OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers 2000/2, OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry. [Downloadable!]
  2. Rachel Griffith & David Sandler & John Van Reenen, 1995. "Tax incentives for R&D," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 16(2), pages 21-44, May. [Downloadable!]
  3. Steve Bond & Dietmar Harhoff & John Van Reenen, 1999. "Investment, R&D and financial constraints in Britain and Germany," IFS Working Papers W99/05, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
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  4. Barro, Robert J & Sala-i-Martin, Xavier, 1997. " Technological Diffusion, Convergence, and Growth," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 2(1), pages 1-26, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Fagerberg, Jan, 1994. "Technology and International Differences in Growth Rates," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 32(3), pages 1147-75, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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