IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/cir/cirwor/2021s-44.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Efficiency-inducing tax credits for charitable donations when taxpayers have heterogeneous behavioral norms

Author

Listed:
  • Ngo Van Long

Abstract

We consider an economy in which some taxpayers behave in a Kantian way in their donation behavior while others are Nash players. A Kantian taxpayer holds the norm that any suggested deviation from a proposed equilibrium profile would be adopted by him only if when all members of their community adopted the same deviation, they would all achieve a higher level of welfare. In contrast, a Nash player follows the individual rationality criterion: He would deviate if, assuming all others do not deviate, he would improve his own payoff. We show that if all taxpayers are Nash players, then there is an efficiency-inducing tax credit scheme for charitable contributions. In contrast, if all taxpayers are Kantian, the optimal tax credit for charity is zero. If both types of taxpayers co-exist, and the government does not know who is of what type, then it is not possible for the government to induce the first-best outcome, but it must rely on a second-best tax-credit scheme. Nous considérons une économie dans laquelle certains contribuables se comportent de manière kantienne dans leur comportement de don tandis que d'autres sont des joueurs de Nash. Un contribuable kantien maintient la norme selon laquelle tout écart suggéré par rapport à un profil d'équilibre proposé ne serait adopté par lui que si, lorsque tous les membres de leur communauté adoptaient le même écart, ils atteindraient tous un niveau de bien-être plus élevé. En revanche, un joueur de Nash suit le critère de rationalité individuelle : il s'écarterait si, en supposant que tous les autres ne s'écartent pas, il améliorait son propre gain. Nous montrons que si tous les contribuables sont des acteurs de Nash, alors il existe un régime de crédit d'impôt induisant l'efficacité pour les contributions. En revanche, si tous les contribuables sont kantiens, le crédit d'impôt optimal pour les œuvres caritatives est nul. Si les deux types de contribuables coexistent et que le gouvernement ne sait pas qui est de quel type, alors il n'est pas possible pour le gouvernement d'obtenir l’ optimum social, mais il doit s'appuyer sur un système de crédit d'impôt qui délivra un résultat `second-best’.

Suggested Citation

  • Ngo Van Long, 2021. "Efficiency-inducing tax credits for charitable donations when taxpayers have heterogeneous behavioral norms," CIRANO Working Papers 2021s-44, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2021s-44
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2021s-44.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Laffont, Jean-Jacques, 1975. "Macroeconomic Constraints, Economic Efficiency and Ethics: An Introduction to Kantian Economics," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 42(168), pages 430-437, November.
    2. Roemer, John E., 2015. "Kantian optimization: A microfoundation for cooperation," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 45-57.
    3. Pierre von Mouche & Federico Quartieri (ed.), 2016. "Equilibrium Theory for Cournot Oligopolies and Related Games," Springer Series in Game Theory, Springer, number 978-3-319-29254-0, March.
    4. Grafton, R. Quentin & Kompas, Tom & Long, Ngo Van, 2017. "A brave new world? Kantian–Nashian interaction and the dynamics of global climate change mitigation," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 31-42.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Grafton, R. Quentin & Kompas, Tom & Long, Ngo Van, 2017. "A brave new world? Kantian–Nashian interaction and the dynamics of global climate change mitigation," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 31-42.
    2. Bezin, Emeline & Ponthière, Gregory, 2019. "The tragedy of the commons and socialization: Theory and policy," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    3. Eichner, Thomas & Pethig, Rüdiger, 2022. "Kantians defy the economists’ mantra of uniform Pigovian emissions taxes," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    4. Alberto Grillo, 2020. "Ethical Voting in Heterogenous Groups," AMSE Working Papers 2034, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France, revised Apr 2021.
    5. Ngo Long, 2020. "A Dynamic Game with Interaction Between Kantian Players and Nashian Players," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Pierre-Olivier Pineau & Simon Sigué & Sihem Taboubi (ed.), Games in Management Science, pages 249-267, Springer.
    6. Alberto Grillo, 2020. "Ethical Voting in Heterogenous Groups," Working Papers halshs-02962464, HAL.
    7. Ngo Van Long, 2019. "Dynamic Games of Common-Property Resource Exploitation When Self-Image Matters," CESifo Working Paper Series 7880, CESifo.
    8. Thomas Eichner & Rüdiger Pethig, 2020. "Kant–Nash tax competition," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 27(5), pages 1108-1147, October.
    9. Yasuhiko Nakamura, 2022. "Endogenous Determination of Strategies in a Kantian Duopoly," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 519-533, December.
    10. Stefano Carattini & Simon Levin & Alessandro Tavoni, 2019. "Cooperation in the Climate Commons," Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 13(2), pages 227-247.
    11. Thomas Eichner & Rüdiger Pethig, 2024. "How Important Are IEAs for Mitigation If Countries Are of the Homo Moralis Type?," CESifo Working Paper Series 11040, CESifo.
    12. Thomas Eichner & Rüdiger Pethig, 2021. "Climate Policy and Moral Consumers," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 123(4), pages 1190-1226, October.
    13. Zak, F., 2021. "On some models of altruistic behavior," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, vol. 49(1), pages 12-52.
    14. Thomas Eichner & Rüdiger Pethig, 2022. "International Environmental Agreements When Countries Behave Morally," CESifo Working Paper Series 10090, CESifo.
    15. John E. Roemer & Joaquim Silvestre, 2023. "Kant and Lindahl," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 125(2), pages 517-548, April.
    16. Murat Donduran & Burak Ünveren, 2021. "A Kantian Analysis of Pricing and R & D," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 58(4), pages 583-605, June.
    17. Francesco Angelini & Guido Candela & Massimiliano Castellani, 2020. "Households production in State and stateless societies: three tales and one letter," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 67(1), pages 31-45, March.
    18. Sebastian Bervoets & Kohmei Makihara, 2023. "Public Goods in Networks: Comparative Statics Results," AMSE Working Papers 2317, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France.
    19. Ponthiere, Gregory, 2024. "Stoicism and the Tragedy of the Commons," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1405, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    20. Alistair Ulph & David Ulph, 2023. "International Cooperation and Kantian Moral Behaviour – Complements or Substitutes?," Economics Discussion Paper Series 2302, Economics, The University of Manchester.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Categorical imperative; Kantian behavior; Kantian equilibrium; Kant-Nash equilibrium; voluntary contributions to a public good; tax credits; Impératif catégorique; comportement kantien; équilibre kantien; équilibre de Kant-Nash; contributions volontaires à un bien public; les crédits d'impôt;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
    • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2021s-44. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Webmaster (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ciranca.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.