IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/bng/wpaper/19008.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

When the bank is closed, the cash is king; ... not!

Author

Listed:
  • Konstantinos Nikolopoulos

    (Bangor University)

  • Konstantia Litsiou

    (Manchester Metropolitan University)

Abstract

In this research paper we investigate changes in payment media used from consumers as a result of extreme financial restrictions. The motivation comes from the summer of 2015 in Greece where after failure for an agreement between Greece and the Troika (EU, IMF and ECB) for an extension of lending support from the latter, the Greek government decided to close the banks for three weeks; and apply capital controls still in place ten months after the event - however gradually relaxed. Methodologically we adopted grounded theory and through this a fully qualitative and longitudinal study comprised of three series (every six months) of in-depth interviews with individual citizens (on behalf of their households) over a period of one calendar year. We aim to investigate research changes in payment media used during and after the period when the banks were closed, as well as permanent changes in consumer and social behavior. Acknowledging that with this methodological approach reaching statistical significant results is very difficult to be achieved, we do however seek and to a great extend provide insight in what really happened during and after the events, and one thing came out again and again: people turned more into the use of debit cards, and secondary to online banking and to a lesser extent to credit cards; the later came with an inevitable raise of household debt. Cash use was only temporarily increased and more evidently during the three-week event, while all the previous aforementioned results had of a more permanent nature, as illustrated from the longitudinal analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Konstantinos Nikolopoulos & Konstantia Litsiou, 2019. "When the bank is closed, the cash is king; ... not!," Working Papers 19008, Bangor Business School, Prifysgol Bangor University (Cymru / Wales).
  • Handle: RePEc:bng:wpaper:19008
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.bangor.ac.uk/business/research/documents/BBSWP-19-08.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alexander Michaelides, 2014. "Cyprus: from boom to bail-in [The “greatest” carry trade ever? Understanding eurozone bank risks]," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 29(80), pages 639-689.
    2. Yiannis Kitromilides, 2013. "Stories, Fables, Parables, and Myths: Greece and the Euro Crisis, Toward a New Narrative," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(3), pages 623-638.
    3. Ralph De Haas & Neeltje Van Horen, 2012. "International shock transmission after the Lehman Brothers collapse – evidence from syndicated lending," Working Papers 142, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Office of the Chief Economist.
    4. Sofronis Clerides, 2014. "The Collapse of the Cypriot Banking System: A Bird’s Eye View," Cyprus Economic Policy Review, University of Cyprus, Economics Research Centre, vol. 8(2), pages 3-35, December.
    5. Romer, Christina D., 1992. "What Ended the Great Depression?," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 52(4), pages 757-784, December.
    6. Pengfei Wang & Yi Wen, 2012. "Speculative Bubbles and Financial Crises," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 4(3), pages 184-221, July.
    7. Ralph De Haas & Neeltje Van Horen, 2012. "International Shock Transmission after the Lehman Brothers Collapse: Evidence from Syndicated Lending," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(3), pages 231-237, May.
    8. Konstantinos Nikolopoulos & Konstantia Litsiou, 2019. "Consumer payment choice during the crisis in Europe: a heterogeneous behaviour?," Working Papers 19007, Bangor Business School, Prifysgol Bangor University (Cymru / Wales).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Choi, Moon Jung & Gutierrez, Eva & Peria, Maria Soledad Martinez, 2013. "Dissecting foreign bank lending behavior during the 2008-2009 crisis," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6674, The World Bank.
    2. Laleh Tafakori & Armin Pourkhanali & Riccardo Rastelli, 2022. "Measuring systemic risk and contagion in the European financial network," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 63(1), pages 345-389, July.
    3. Paul Pelzl & María Teresa Valderrama, 2019. "Capital regulations and the management of credit commitments during crisis times," DNB Working Papers 661, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department.
    4. Jonathon Adams‐Kane & Julián A. Caballero & Jamus Jerome Lim, 2017. "Foreign Bank Behavior during Financial Crises," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 49(2-3), pages 351-392, March.
    5. Bo Becker & Efraim Benmelech, 2021. "The Resilience of the U.S. Corporate Bond Market During Financial Crises," NBER Working Papers 28868, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Kouretas, Georgios P. & Pawłowska, Małgorzata, 2020. "Does change in the market structure have any impact on different types of bank loans in the EU?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    7. Wang, Xichen & Yan, Ji (Karena) & Yan, Cheng & Gozgor, Giray, 2021. "Emerging stock market exuberance and international short-term flows," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    8. Kyunghun Kim & Ju Hyun Pyun & Jiyoun An, 2017. "Does Credit Market Integration Amplify the Transmission of Real Business Cycle During Financial Crisis?," 2017 Meeting Papers 1236, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    9. Adams-Kane, Jonathon & Jia, Yueqing & Lim, Jamus Jerome, 2015. "Global transmission channels for international bank lending in the 2007–09 financial crisist," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 97-113.
    10. Morais, Bernardo & Peydró, José-Luis & Roldán Peña, Jessica & Ruiz Ortega, Claudia, 2019. "The International Bank Lending Channel of Monetary Policy Rates and QE: Credit Supply, Reach-for-Yield, and Real Effects," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 74(1), pages 55-90.
    11. Petr Teply & Tomas Klinger, 2019. "Agent-based modeling of systemic risk in the European banking sector," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 14(4), pages 811-833, December.
    12. Borchert, Lea & de Haas, Ralph & Kirschenmann, Karolin & Schultz, Alison, 2023. "Broken relationships: De-risking by correspondent banks and international trade," ZEW Discussion Papers 23-064, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    13. Eugenio Cerutti & Stijn Claessens, 2017. "The Great Cross-Border Bank Deleveraging: Supply Constraints and Intra-Group Frictions," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(1), pages 201-236.
    14. Faia, Ester & Laffitte, Sébastien & Mayer, Maximilian & Ottaviano, Gianmarco, 2021. "Global banking: Endogenous competition and risk taking," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    15. Jin-Wook Chang, 2019. "Collateralized Debt Networks with Lender Default," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2019-083, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    16. Małgorzata Pawłowska, 2018. "The determinants of growth in bank loans in the EU-15 and the CEE-11 after the global financial crisis," Collegium of Economic Analysis Annals, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis, issue 53, pages 163-175.
    17. Cetorelli, Nicola & Goldberg, Linda S., 2012. "Liquidity management of U.S. global banks: Internal capital markets in the great recession," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 299-311.
    18. Stefan Avdjiev & Elod Takats, 2016. "Monetary policy spillovers and currency networks in cross-border bank lending," BIS Working Papers 549, Bank for International Settlements.
    19. Wang, Rui & Luo, Hang (Robin), 2022. "How does financial inclusion affect bank stability in emerging economies?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(PA).
    20. A. Burietz & L. Ureche-Rangau, 2020. "Better the devil you know: Home and sectoral biases in bank lending," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 164, pages 69-85.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial Crisis; Banks; Capital Controls; Households; Payment media;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G0 - Financial Economics - - General
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • H12 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Crisis Management
    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bng:wpaper:19008. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Alan Thomas (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/sabanuk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.