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Viajeros urbanos de paseo por la playa: efectos regionales del turismo interno en Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Eduardo Sanguinet
  • Luis Armando Galvis-Aponte

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

  • Inácio F. Araújo
  • Eduardo A. Haddad

Abstract

En este documento se estudia el rol que juega el turismo interno como un mecanismo de transferencia interregional de ingresos. En Colombia, esos flujos siguen un patrón de origen en las regiones centrales y con destino en la periferia del país. Uno de los principales destinos turísticos es la costa Caribe, la cual presenta los indicadores socioeconómicos más críticos del país. La hipótesis que se plantea es que la inyección de recursos, a través del gasto en turismo, contribuye a generar efectos sistémicos en las regiones de destino. Existe poca evidencia empírica sobre estos impactos del turismo en Colombia, donde la mayoría de los estudios adoptan métodos cualitativos. Aquellos que usan técnicas cuantitativas no tienen en cuenta una aproximación sistémica para calcular impactos regionales. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los impactos regionales de los patrones de consumo del gasto de los turistas colombianos, enfocado en la región Caribe, haciendo uso de un modelo interregional insumo-producto, junto con datos de la Encuesta de Gasto en Turismo Interno (EGIT) 2014-2015. Los ejercicios desarrollados permiten capturar la contribución del turismo interno al crecimiento económico inclusivo en términos de las características socioeconómicas del empleo y la generación de ingresos, tanto directa como indirectamente. Esto es importante para proporcionar información para la formulación de políticas regionales relacionadas con el turismo. Los resultados sugieren que el turismo interno puede ser considerado como un canal importante para producir una asignación más eficiente de recursos y reducir la desigualdad entre las regiones de Colombia. Se concluye que las estrategias de política regional dirigidas al sector turístico pueden ser relevantes para el desarrollo del Caribe colombiano. **** ABSTRACT: The aim of this document is to address the role played by domestic tourism as a mechanism of interregional transfers of income. In Colombia, domestic tourism flows follow a pattern of origin in the central regions to destinations in the periphery. One of the main tourist destinations is the Caribbean Coast, which exhibits the worst socioeconomic indicators in the country. It is expected that the injection of resources, through tourists' expenditures, will contribute to systemic effects in the destination regions. There is little empirical evidence of such regional impacts of tourism in Colombia, with most of the existing studies adopting qualitative methods. Those that use quantitative techniques do not consider a systemic approach to calculate regional impacts. In this sense, the aim of this paper is to analyze the regional impacts of the consumption patterns of expenditures by Colombian tourists, focusing on the Caribbean region, using an interregional input-output model, together with data from the Encuesta de Gasto en Turismo Interno (EGIT) 2014-2015. The empirical evidence found in this work contributes towards the study of the domestic tourism to inclusive economic growth in terms of socioeconomic characteristics of jobs and income generation, both direct and indirectly. This is important to provide insights for the formulation of tourism-related regional policies. The results suggest that domestic tourism can be considered as an important channel to produce a more efficient allocation of resources to improve income distribution in Colombia. We conclude that regional policy strategies aimed at the tourism sector may be relevant to the local development of the Colombian Caribbean.

Suggested Citation

  • Eduardo Sanguinet & Luis Armando Galvis-Aponte & Inácio F. Araújo & Eduardo A. Haddad, 2020. "Viajeros urbanos de paseo por la playa: efectos regionales del turismo interno en Colombia," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 293, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:region:293
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.293
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    1. Aguilera-Díaz, María Modesta & Bernal-Mattos, Camila & Quintero-Puentes, Paola, 2007. "Turismo y desarrollo en el Caribe colombiano," Chapters, in: Fernández, Manuel & Guerra-Curvelo, Weildler & Meisel-Roca, Adolfo (ed.), Políticas para reducir las desigualdades regionales en Colombia, chapter 10, pages 320-369, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Galvis-Aponte, Luis Armando & Meisel-Roca, Adolfo, 2011. "Persistencia de las desigualdades regionales en Colombia : un análisis espacial," Chapters, in: Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo (ed.), Dimensión regional de las desigualdades en Colombia, chapter 1, pages 3-32, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    3. Clemente Polo & Elisabeth Vaile, 2012. "Input Output and SAM Models," Chapters, in: Larry Dwyer & Alison Gill & Neelu Seetaram (ed.), Handbook of Research Methods in Tourism, chapter 12, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. Maldonado, Jorge H. & Moreno-Sánchez, Rocío del Pilar & Espinoza, Sophía & Bruner, Aaron & Garzón, Natalia & Myers, John, 2018. "Peace is much more than doves: The economic benefits of bird-based tourism as a result of the peace treaty in Colombia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 78-86.
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    6. Eduardo A. Haddad & Luis A. Galvis & Inácio F. Araújo-Junior & Vinicius A.Vale, 2018. "Impact Assessment of Scenarios of Interregional Transfers in Colombia," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 16767, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Análisis Insumo-producto; efectos del turismo; Caribe; Colombia; Input-output analysis; Tourism effects; Caribbean; Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism
    • R15 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Methods
    • C6 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling

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