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Persistencia de las desigualdades regionales en Colombia: Un análisis espacial

Author

Listed:
  • Luis Armando Galvis
  • Adolfo Meisel Roca

Abstract

Los niveles de persistencia en la pobreza a menudo están asociados a los “efectos de vecindario”. Estos efectos crean trampas de pobreza que no le permiten a las zonas rezagadas avanzar hacia una senda de desarrollo económico sostenido. En las regiones de un país también pueden operar este tipo de mecanismos. Esa es una de las razones por las cuales las desigualdades territoriales se vuelven persistentes, convirtiéndose en un equilibrio perverso. En Colombia las desigualdades regionales se han mantenido y se han vuelto persistentes. Ello se evidencia en las correlaciones que existe en la distribución de los índices de NBI en los censos de 1973, 1985, 1993 y 2005. Existe una alta correlación simple entre estos índices de NBI cuando se comparan los censos de manera consecutiva. Lo que realmente sorprende es que la alta correlación existente cuando se comparan los resultados de los censos que se han realizado 20 años atrás. Utilizando técnicas de la econometría espacial se aporta evidencia en torno a la persistencia en la pobreza, no solo a nivel temporal, sino regional. Uno de los resultados a destacar de este estudio es que cuando se efectúan las correlaciones espaciales entre las condiciones de pobreza de una municipalidad en años recientes con las de su entorno en épocas posteriores, se encuentran altas y significativas correlaciones espaciales. Ello puede ser interpretado como evidencia de la existencia de trampas espaciales, pues existen municipios que se han mantenido deprimidos, al igual que sus “vecindarios”, a través del tiempo. En el análisis de clusters espaciales se encuentra que los clusters de alta pobreza están localizados en la periferia del país.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Armando Galvis & Adolfo Meisel Roca, 2010. "Persistencia de las desigualdades regionales en Colombia: Un análisis espacial," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 120, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:region:120
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.120
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economía regional; distribución del ingreso; persistencia; resiliencia; trampas de pobreza; econometría espacial; clusters espaciales.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C01 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General - - - Econometrics
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty

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