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Technical And Economic Efficiency Of Russian Corporate Farms: The Case Of The Moscow Region

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Svetlov, Nikolai
Hockmann, Heinrich

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Abstract

The research focus of the paper is to distinguish allocative and technical inefficiencies on Moscow region corporate farms. DEA specifications with both monetary and technical objective functions are applied. Reduced costs and sensitivity analyses are used to identify fixed inputs constraining either allocative or technical efficiency. To decrease heterogeneity and allow for the accessibility to different technologies of a given farm, the farms are grouped with respect to the set of outputs they produce. Thus, as a result of an unstable market environment, it is shown that allocative inefficiency causes 65-100 % (depending on the group) of total inefficiency in 2002 and 60-96 % in 1999. As for technical inefficiency, in 1999 its major source was the lack of liquidity (30-48 %) and other resources; in 2002 it was the lack of fodder (up to 37 %), liquidity (up to 31 %) and sown area (48 % in one of the groups). The role of insufficient management in regional farming inefficiency is evaluated as being much lower than many earlier studies suggest. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG DETERMINATNTEN DER TECHNISCHEN UND ÖKONOMISCHEN EFFIZIENZ VON LANDWIRTSCHAFTLICHEN BETRIEBEN IN RUSSLAND: DER OBLAST MOSKAU In dem Diskussionspapier wird eine Unterscheidung zwischen allokativer und technischer Effizienz landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe in der Region Moskau vorgenommen. Hierzu werden DEA-Modelle mit technischen und ökonomischen Zielfunktionen spezifiziert. Mit Hilfe von Sensitivitätsanalysen werden Inputs identifiziert, die zu allokativer und technischer Ineffizienz führen. Um die Heterogenität in der Stichprobe zu reduzieren und um die Verfügbarkeit von Technologien für die landwirtschaftlichen Betriebe besser abbilden zu können, werden die Unternehmen entsprechend ihrer Produktionsstruktur gruppiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass – je nach Gruppen – die allokative Ineffizienz in den Jahren 1999 und 2002 zwischen 60 und 100 % der gesamten Ineffizienz erklärt. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass das unzureichende Management von größerer Bedeutung ist, als frühere Studien vermuten lassen. Die Hauptursache für die technische Ineffizienz war 1999 das Fehlen liquider Mittel. Im Jahr 2002 waren neben der Liquidität, die Verfügbarkeit von Futtermitteln und die Saatfläche die Inputs, die für die Ineffizienz verantwortlich waren. Der Anteil der bindenden Restriktionen betrug in den einzelnen Gruppen bis zu 31 %, 37 % und 48 % bei den genannten Faktoren. РЕЗЮМЕ ФАКТОРЫ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РОССИЙСКИХ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ: НА ПРИМЕРЕ МОСКОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ Цель исследования – соизмерение резервов, Ð¾Ð±ÑƒÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð¿Ñ‚Ð°Ñ†Ð¸ÐµÐ¹ к рынку и использованием Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ потенциала, в ÑÐµÐ»ÑŒÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð¾Ð·ÑÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¾Ñ€Ð³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸ÑÑ ÐœÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ области. Применённые модели основаны на методе инкапсуляции Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ , решаются по Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñƒ и стоимостному критериям. Для выявления ресурсов, дефицит ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹Ñ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶Ð°ÐµÑ‚ показатели эффективности адаптации к рынку и (или) Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ эффективности, использован анализ чувствительности и Ð´Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¾Ñ†ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ðº. Для снижения гетерогенности и учёта доступности Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ исследуемым Ñ Ð¾Ð·ÑÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð°Ð¼ Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾ÐºÑƒÐ¿Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒ разбита на группы по набору Ñ€ÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·ÑƒÐµÐ¼Ñ‹Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² продукции. Показано, что в 2002 г. 65-100 % (в зависимости от группы Ñ Ð¾Ð·ÑÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²) резервов повышения экономической эффективности объясняется недостаточной адаптацией к рынку (в 1999 – 60-96 %) по причине нестабильной рыночной конъюнктуры. Резервы роста Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ эффективности в 1999 г. были связаны с дефицитом ликвидности (30-48 % объёма резервов) и Ð´Ñ€ÑƒÐ³Ð¸Ñ Ñ€ÐµÑÑƒÑ€ÑÐ¾Ð², в 2002 – с ограниченностью кормов (до 37 %), ликвидности (до 31 %) и посевов (48 % в одной из групп). Роль неудовлетворительного управления в неэффективности ÑÐµÐ»ÑŒÑ Ð¾Ð·Ð¾Ñ€Ð³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¹ региона оказалась значительно меньше, чем это представлялось во Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÑˆÐµÑÑ‚Ð²ÑƒÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ†Ð¸ÑÑ .

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Paper provided by Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO) in its series IAMO Discussion Papers with number 14922.

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Date of creation: 2005
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Handle: RePEc:ags:iamodp:14922

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Keywords: Technical inefficiency; allocative inefficiency; Data Envelopment Analysis; Moscow region; transitional economy; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; D24; Q12; C14;

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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Sedik, David & Trueblood, Michael & Arnade, Carlos, 1999. "Corporate Farm Performance in Russia, 1991-1995: An Efficiency Analysis," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 514-533, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Valdmanis, Vivian, 1992. "Sensitivity analysis for DEA models : An empirical example using public vs. NFP hospitals," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(2), pages 185-205, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Nikolai Svetlov, 2001. "Econometric application of linear programming: a model of Russian large-scale farm (the case of the Moscow Region)," Econometrics 0112002, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  4. Charnes, A. & Cooper, W. W. & Rhodes, E., 1978. "Measuring the efficiency of decision making units," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 2(6), pages 429-444, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Kuosmanen, Timo & Cherchye, Laurens & Sipilainen, Timo, 2006. "The law of one price in data envelopment analysis: Restricting weight flexibility across firms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 170(3), pages 735-757, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  1. Svetlov, Nikolai M., 2007. "Corporate farm size determinants in transitional economy: the case of the Moscow region," 102nd Seminar, May 17-18, 2007, Moscow, Russia 10017, European Association of Agricultural Economists. [Downloadable!]
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