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Does The Business Start-Up Process Differ By Gender? - A Longitudinal Study Of Nascent Entrepreneurs

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  • GRY AGNETE ALSOS

    (Bodø Graduate School of Business, Nordland Research Institute, Sweden)

  • ELISABET LJUNGGREN

    (Bodø Graduate School of Business, Nordland Research Institute, Sweden)

Abstract

In Scandinavia, several policy programs have been directed at increasing the number of women entrepreneurs. These programs appear to build on the idea that women have particular problems in the business start-up process, leading to a lower probability among nascent women entrepreneurs of actually starting a business. This study investigates whether there are gender differences with regard to what nascent entrepreneurs do during their business start-up processes. Using longitudinal data, we also examine to what extent men and women who attempt to start a business succeed in actually doing so. The findings show some gender differences in the start-up process; however these do not lead to lower start-up probabilities for women. Hence there is no evidence that women are less effective business founders than men.

Suggested Citation

  • Gry Agnete Alsos & Elisabet Ljunggren, 1998. "Does The Business Start-Up Process Differ By Gender? - A Longitudinal Study Of Nascent Entrepreneurs," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 6(04), pages 347-367.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:jecxxx:v:06:y:1998:i:04:n:s0218495898000205
    DOI: 10.1142/S0218495898000205
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    Cited by:

    1. Per Davidsson & Scott Gordon, 2012. "Panel studies of new venture creation: a methods-focused review and suggestions for future research," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(4), pages 853-876, November.
    2. Joachim Wagner, 2007. "What a Difference a Y makes-Female and Male Nascent Entrepreneurs in Germany," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 28(1), pages 1-21, January.
    3. Lückgen, Ingo & Oberschachtsiek, Dirk & Sternberg, Rolf & Wagner, Joachim, 2004. "Nascent Entrepreneurs in German Regions: Evidence from the Regional Entrepreneurship Monitor (REM)," IZA Discussion Papers 1394, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Kathleen Dechant & Asya Al Lamky, 2005. "Toward An Understanding Of Arab Women Entrepreneurs In Bahrain And Oman," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 10(02), pages 123-140.
    5. Bradley, Samantha R. & Gicheva, Dora & Hassell, Lydia & Link, Albert N., 2013. "Gender Differences in Access to Private Investment Funding to Support the Development of New Technologies," UNCG Economics Working Papers 13-9, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics.
    6. Heiko Bergmann & Ute Stephan, 2013. "Moving on from nascent entrepreneurship: measuring cross-national differences in the transition to new business ownership," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 41(4), pages 945-959, December.
    7. Per Davidsson, 2005. "Paul D. Reynolds: Entrepreneurship Research Innovator, Coordinator, and Disseminator," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 351-358, May.
    8. Bojan Moric Milovanovic, 2023. "The Role Of Education In Increasing Market And New Product Development Performance In The Context Of Female Entrepreneurship: The Case Of Croatia," Economic Thought and Practice, Department of Economics and Business, University of Dubrovnik, vol. 32(2), pages 391-408, december.
    9. Helene Ahl & Karin Berglund & Katarina Pettersson & Malin Tillmar, 2016. "From feminism to FemInc.ism: On the uneasy relationship between feminism, entrepreneurship and the Nordic welfare state," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 12(2), pages 369-392, June.
    10. Marit Rønsen, 2012. "The family - a barrier or motivation for female entrepreneurship?," Discussion Papers 727, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    11. Susan Müller & Alyssa Lara Kirst & Heiko Bergmann & Barbara Bird, 2023. "Entrepreneurs’ actions and venture success: a structured literature review and suggestions for future research," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 199-226, January.
    12. Helene Ahl, 2006. "Why Research on Women Entrepreneurs Needs New Directions," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 30(5), pages 595-621, September.

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